Monday, December 7, 2009
Sunday, November 8, 2009
Umbilical Hernia And Bowel Changes
The Beginning / The Beginning
the meeting between the painting and the body is the beginning of a new path as saying the matter to form. A beginning where the model becomes the master because of my painting gradually his psychophysical energies will be transformed into color by means of my hand
The Encounter Between the painting and the body is the beginning of a new distance like Saying : from the matter to the shape .
Tuesday, October 13, 2009
Friday, September 25, 2009
How To Change Time In Mount And Blade
Outside the Shadow of the Caravaggio / The Shadow of the Caravaggio
I felt almost immediately in these faces qualchecosa of ancient and obscure unrest took my soul, I asked myself the questions I have observed carefully, but I did not have response of their secret but a shadow of the past ..
I have endured in Perceived Nearly These faces something of a dark and ancient restlessness has taken my soul, is taken of the questions to me and it has to Observers Carefully But I have not Had an answer of Their secret if not a shadow of the past ..
Friday, September 18, 2009
How Long Should You Stay On Cipralex
Psychoeducational
E 'an area of \u200b\u200bactive listening to enhance the person, in his "feel good" and its "strong points" necessary to meet the demands and responsibilities of life.
E 'an area of \u200b\u200bactive listening to enhance the person, in his "feel good" and its "strong points" necessary to meet the demands and responsibilities of life. Who is : mothers and fathers who are helped in finding new opportunities related to the role of parent.
to teachers to deal with difficult situations involving relationships in the classroom with individual children with their families.
Who carries out: Bassanese Dr. Eva, a psychologist, psychotherapist
Dr. Elisa Magnolo, psychologist
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cell. 3334881386
cell 349 7155142
We look forward to every Thursday from 16 to 18!
Appointments can be made by phone or email on other days and times, both in headquarters and in the office of Abano of Padua.
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
How To Set Time On Gel Bracelet
Possession of an image / Property of an image
the camera is a real issue of the indestructible, but at the same time feeding my ghosts and imagination. The picture promotes a level of reality so I dream and transformed it from a real person to mito.L 'goal machine has a narrow door through which you become a "possessed" a large and indestructible power of magic.
The camera is an indestructible emanetion of the real but at the same time alimente the my ghosts and my imagination.The photo promove the truth to level of dream and therefore it has transformed to you from real person to myth.The obbiettivo of the camera is a tightened door through wich six become "elevated possessing"and too indestructible magical power.
Saturday, June 13, 2009
Heys Luggage Mississauga
The Game Room, with its education project, aims to expand, consolidate and disseminate the culture of childhood. It offers opportunities to play, not rigidamnete pursued, such as:
* Games construction and discoveries
fiction * Games * Games
handling
* Listening to stories.
Audience: For children from 3 to 6 years and children aged 18 to 36 months accompanied by an adult.
When is open: Monday to Friday from 16.00 to 18.00.
Who runs it: professional educator plays a proactive role with respect to supply and organization of games and activities.
For info: info@cmarypoppins.com
cell. 340 9288335
Tuesday, June 9, 2009
Pastor Thank-you After A Funeral
Italian Post 08/06/2009 - World BancoPosta reward his loyalty bonus accounticon
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail.
bonus amount won: 249.00
commission: 1.00
Total: 250.00
Access to online services for credit to the loyalty bonus:
Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
Thank you for choosing our services
Sincerely
_______________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message leads to a site that is not a clone but the Italian post office, at the time of writing the site is still reachable. This link is
igannevole because while the message is written so Asccedi online services to credit the bonus the real link (which takes the user to clone site) is this http://www.investweek.co.il//admin/Editor / assets / form.htm .
Note the many errors of grammar and spelling.
WARNING: at the time of writing the fraudulent link is active and leads to the same site (I would say identical) to that of the Italian Post Office, however, remember it's a clone. WARNING!
Firefox reports it as a probable fake site.
The site of the Italian Post Office can be reached from these links http://www.posteitaliane.it/ , http://www.poste.it/ .
With this link you can reach the page that talks about the Italian Post phishing http://antiphishing.poste.it/rischi_phishing.shtml and at the login page BancoPostaOnline to clearly specify what is to be checked before entering the services with username and password.
From: italien (BancoPosta) (servizi@poste.it)
Posted: 08/06/2009 02:18
Subject: World BancoPosta reward his loyalty bonus accounticon
Message:
Posted: 08/06/2009 02:18
Subject: World BancoPosta reward his loyalty bonus accounticon
Message:
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail.
bonus amount won: 249.00
commission: 1.00
Total: 250.00
Access to online services for credit to the loyalty bonus:
Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
Thank you for choosing our services
Sincerely
_______________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message leads to a site that is not a clone but the Italian post office, at the time of writing the site is still reachable. This link is
igannevole because while the message is written so Asccedi online services to credit the bonus the real link (which takes the user to clone site) is this http://www.investweek.co.il//admin/Editor / assets / form.htm .
Note the many errors of grammar and spelling.
WARNING: at the time of writing the fraudulent link is active and leads to the same site (I would say identical) to that of the Italian Post Office, however, remember it's a clone. WARNING!
Firefox reports it as a probable fake site.
The site of the Italian Post Office can be reached from these links http://www.posteitaliane.it/ , http://www.poste.it/ .
With this link you can reach the page that talks about the Italian Post phishing http://antiphishing.poste.it/rischi_phishing.shtml and at the login page BancoPostaOnline to clearly specify what is to be checked before entering the services with username and password.
Tuesday, June 2, 2009
I Was Born Without A Penis
Banca Intesa San Paolo 01/06/2009
From: IntesaSanPaolo SpA (sicurezza@bancaintesa.it)
Posted: 01/06/2009 20:10
Subject: Flash card AVERTISMENTO
Message:
Dear member,
The password of your Flash card and was placed three times over.
To protect your credit card we have on the suspension.
To recover on Please enter and complete the activation page.
Thanks again for choosing the on-line paper FLASH.
Best regards.
Customer Service IntesaSanPaolo
© Intesa Sanpaolo 2009
________________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message brought to a site that was not to Banca Intesa, but a clone, at the time of this writing that site is no longer reachable.
igannevole This link is because while the image is written so
enter the real link (which takes the user to the site cloned) is this http://monetaonline.it.virusprotects.info/layout/step.php .
Banca Intesa's site is accessed from this link http://www.bancaintesa.it/
With this link you can reach the page of Banca Intesa, which speaks of phishing http://www.intesasanpaolo. # com/scriptIbve/retail20/RetailIntesaSanpaolo/ita/home/ita_home.jsp scams
From: IntesaSanPaolo SpA (sicurezza@bancaintesa.it)
Posted: 01/06/2009 20:10
Subject: Flash card AVERTISMENTO
Message:
Dear member,
The password of your Flash card and was placed three times over.
To protect your credit card we have on the suspension.
To recover on Please enter and complete the activation page.
Thanks again for choosing the on-line paper FLASH.
Best regards.
Customer Service IntesaSanPaolo
© Intesa Sanpaolo 2009
________________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message brought to a site that was not to Banca Intesa, but a clone, at the time of this writing that site is no longer reachable.
igannevole This link is because while the image is written so
enter the real link (which takes the user to the site cloned) is this http://monetaonline.it.virusprotects.info/layout/step.php .
Banca Intesa's site is accessed from this link http://www.bancaintesa.it/
With this link you can reach the page of Banca Intesa, which speaks of phishing http://www.intesasanpaolo. # com/scriptIbve/retail20/RetailIntesaSanpaolo/ita/home/ita_home.jsp scams
Saturday, May 30, 2009
Wireless Routerhow Much Can It Handle
Security Advisory
From: "IntesaSanPaolo"
Posted: 30/05/2009 10:03
Subject: Flash card AVERTISMENTO
Message:
Dear member,
password de Flash your card has been inserted more than three times.
To protect your credit card we have on the suspension. To recover on
Please enter and complete the activation page.
Thanks again for choosing the on-line paper FLASH.
Best regards.
Customer Service IntesaSanPaolo
© Intesa Sanpaolo 2009
________________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message brought to a site that was not to Banca Intesa, but a clone, at the time of this writing that site is no longer reachable.
igannevole This link is because while the image is written so
enter the real link (which takes the user to the site cloned) is this http://monetaonline.it.virusprotects.info/layout / step.php .
Banca Intesa's site is accessed from this link http://www.bancaintesa.it/
With this link you can reach the page of Banca Intesa, which speaks of phishing http://www. # intesasanpaolo.com/scriptIbve/retail20/RetailIntesaSanpaolo/ita/home/ita_home.jsp scams
From: "IntesaSanPaolo"
Posted: 30/05/2009 10:03
Subject: Flash card AVERTISMENTO
Message:
Dear member,
password de Flash your card has been inserted more than three times.
To protect your credit card we have on the suspension. To recover on
Please enter and complete the activation page.
Thanks again for choosing the on-line paper FLASH.
Best regards.
Customer Service IntesaSanPaolo
© Intesa Sanpaolo 2009
________________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message brought to a site that was not to Banca Intesa, but a clone, at the time of this writing that site is no longer reachable.
igannevole This link is because while the image is written so
enter the real link (which takes the user to the site cloned) is this http://monetaonline.it.virusprotects.info/layout / step.php .
Banca Intesa's site is accessed from this link http://www.bancaintesa.it/
With this link you can reach the page of Banca Intesa, which speaks of phishing http://www. # intesasanpaolo.com/scriptIbve/retail20/RetailIntesaSanpaolo/ita/home/ita_home.jsp scams
Thursday, May 28, 2009
Kodak 600 Business Edition
Loyalty Bonus!
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail.
bonus amount won: 249.00
commission: 1.00
Total: 250.00
Access to online services for credit to the loyalty bonus:
Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
Thank you for choosing our services
Sincerely
_______________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message leads to a site that is not a clone but the Italian post office, at the time of writing the site is still reachable. This link is because
igannevole while the message is written so Asccedi online services to credit the bonus the real link (which takes the user to clone site) is this http://www.houseabout.com.au//images/assets/form . htm.
Note the many errors of grammar and spelling.
WARNING: at the time of writing the fraudulent link is active and leads to the same site (I would say identical) to that of the Italian Post Office, however, remember it's a clone. WARNING!
Firefox reports it as a probable fake site.
The site of the Italian Post Office can be reached from these links http://www.posteitaliane.it/ , http://www.poste.it/ .
With this link you can reach the page that talks about the Italian Post phishing http://antiphishing.poste.it/rischi_phishing.shtml and at the login page BancoPostaOnline to clearly specify what is to be checked before entering the services with username and password.
From: italien (BancoPosta) (servizi@poste.it)
Posted: 28/05/2009 12:48
Subject: Loyalty Bonus!
Message:
Posted: 28/05/2009 12:48
Subject: Loyalty Bonus!
Message:
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail.
bonus amount won: 249.00
commission: 1.00
Total: 250.00
Access to online services for credit to the loyalty bonus:
Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
Thank you for choosing our services
Sincerely
_______________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message leads to a site that is not a clone but the Italian post office, at the time of writing the site is still reachable. This link is because
igannevole while the message is written so Asccedi online services to credit the bonus the real link (which takes the user to clone site) is this http://www.houseabout.com.au//images/assets/form . htm.
Note the many errors of grammar and spelling.
WARNING: at the time of writing the fraudulent link is active and leads to the same site (I would say identical) to that of the Italian Post Office, however, remember it's a clone. WARNING!
Firefox reports it as a probable fake site.
The site of the Italian Post Office can be reached from these links http://www.posteitaliane.it/ , http://www.poste.it/ .
With this link you can reach the page that talks about the Italian Post phishing http://antiphishing.poste.it/rischi_phishing.shtml and at the login page BancoPostaOnline to clearly specify what is to be checked before entering the services with username and password.
Wednesday, May 27, 2009
Yellow Skin Blotches And Red Spots
CartaSi reward your account with a bonus loyalty
From: CartaSi SpA
Posted: 26/04/2009 15:06
Subject: CartaSi reward your account with a bonus loyalty
Message:
http://www.cartasi.it / gtwpages / common / index.jsp? id = GmTgwbevGi
From: CartaSi SpA
Posted: 26/04/2009 15:06
Subject: CartaSi reward your account with a bonus loyalty
Message:
| http://www.cartasi.it/ |||
Tuesday, May 26, 2009
What Can You Use Instead Of A Tart Pan
Loyalty Bonus!
From: italien (BancoPosta) (servizi@poste.it)
Posted: 26/05/2009 05:12 Subject: Loyalty Bonus! Message:
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail. bonus amount won: 249.00
From: italien (BancoPosta) (servizi@poste.it)
Posted: 26/05/2009 05:12 Subject: Loyalty Bonus! Message:
Dear Customer
World BancoPosta accounticon rewards his loyalty bonus amounted to 249.00 Euro. The bonus
the SARR procestime Accredited in 48 hours. To receive the bonus
necesaria switched to online services within 48 hours of receipt of guest e-mail. bonus amount won: 249.00
Total: 250.00
access online services to credit loyalty bonus: Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
Thank you for choosing our services
_______________________ Notes:
This is a reproduction as faithful as possible a message actually received in a mail box.
a link in the message leads to a site that is not a clone but the Italian post office, at the time of writing the site is still reachable.
igannevole This link is because while the message is written so
Asccedi online services to credit the bonus
the real link (which takes the user to clone site) is this
http://www.pericoproductions.com//images/photos/form.htm
.
Note the many errors of grammar and spelling.
WARNING: at the time of writing the fraudulent link is active and leads to the same site (I would say identical) to that of the Italian Post Office, however, remember it's a clone. WARNING!
Firefox reports it as a probable fake site.
The site of the Italian Post Office can be reached from these links
http://www.posteitaliane.it/ ,
http://www.poste.it/
.
With this link you can reach the page that talks about the Italian Post phishing
http://antiphishing.poste.it/rischi_phishing.shtml and at the login page BancoPostaOnline to clearly specify what is to be checked before entering the services with username and password. Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Earring Hanger, Toronto
What the Bible has never told
What the Bible has never told
A major exhibition of art dedicated to the apocryphal books. That is, the stories and characters in the canonical Scriptures do not speak. Not to invalidate the Gospels and the Church, but to bring them closer to us
by Sandro Magister ROMA, April 28, 2009 - A year ago the show began in Genesis. The year before the Apocalypse. And both times drew a Illegio, a small mountain village in the Alps of meat, a large number of visitors, fascinated by the masterpieces of art were gathered from major museums in Italy and the world. It was such a success that the exhibition on the Apocalypse was even replicated in Rome, the Vatican Museums.
year, from April 24 to October 4, Illegio are on display in the Apocrypha. That is, the memories and legends are not written in the books of the Old and New Testament, but revenue in the Christian tradition, art and footage shown in many churches.
Beginning dall'asinello ox and next to the baby Jesus, there are many episodes and characters of sacred history passed beyond the canonical texts of the Bible. For example, the birth and childhood of Mary with her parents Anna and Joachim, her marriage with Joseph, the names and stories of the Magi, the details of the flight into Egypt, the "Dormition" of Mary and her assumption to sky.
Eighty works collected in Illegio subject with the Apocrypha and authors of the first magnitude, such as Bruegel and Guercino, Caravaggio and Dürer. Of the latter, in the first weeks of the exhibition, is shown the wonderful "Rest on the Flight into Egypt," preserved in the Galleria Doria Pamphili in Rome. With Mary and the sleeping child and an angel who accompanies the violin a motet with words of the Song of Songs. Joseph holds the musical score and the ass looks and listens, enraptured.
On the cover of the exhibition catalog published by Skira, is a painting by Guercino of 1628 (see above) with a meeting between the risen Jesus and his mother is also not told in the Gospels.
The decision to dedicate the exhibition to the Apocrypha is not without addentellati today with the use of certain texts extrascritturali. From the "Da Vinci Code" the story of Judah is now swarming with books and films aimed at substantially invalidate the Gospels: books and films that present themselves as having a "hidden truth", hidden from the Gospels and the Church. This
the "hidden truth" is a character that already belonged to the apocryphal texts of the early centuries of the gnostic footprint. It is not surprising that we find success, with the modern anti-Christian Gnosticism.
works of art on display in Illegio instead show that a large part of the Apocrypha have had and may continue to have a completely different function: to fight and do not invalidate the canonical Gospels, but to expand the story, to enrich understanding, to feed their devotion, in substantial continuity with the founding story of the Holy Scriptures.
And this is one more reason to explore the vast array of writings extracanonical. This is what is below in a convincing way the Archbishop Gianfranco Ravasi, world-renowned scholar of the Bible and literature related to it, president of the pontifical council for culture.
Ravasi is among those who submitted officially to the public exhibition of Illegio on Apocrypha, on 23 April in Rome, in the building of the Embassy of Italy to the Holy See. His speech was also released in "L'Osservatore Romano" on April 24, 2009, entitled: "The song roasted rooster and the conversion of Pontius Pilate. "
Ravasi focuses mainly on the extensions that the Apocrypha have made accounts of the Passion. The conversion of Pontius Pilate is one of these developments: in the tradition came to the point that the Church Ethiopian venerated as a saint, the Roman procurator who condemned Jesus to death
__________
Easter according to the Apocrypha. Judas, Pilate, Mary
Gianfranco Ravasi
is paradoxical, but it is not difficult to order a company exhibition which has the theme of the apocryphal gospels, just as is evidenced by the magnificent exhibition which opened April 24 in Illegio in Friuli, a town became known for his extraordinary artistic events.
This literature was, in fact, their extraordinary success in art and popular tradition. Under the term "apocryphal" - literally, from the greek, the books "hidden" - lies, in fact, an immense literary and religious, even of low quality, which runs parallel to but independent from the Old and New Testament which contain the books instead of "canonical", ie those recognized by Judaism and Christianity as sacred texts, inspired by God These documents will also distribute the final stage of Judaism Old Testament and are a chapter of the same religious literature Jewish.
The Jewish apocrypha texts are at least 65 different compounds from the third century before the Christian era until the second century, due to areas and genres. Important, for example, are some apocalyptic writings such as the three books of Enoch, which offer a varied but decisive testimony of many conceptions of Judaism. Also significant are the "wills" put into the mouth of various biblical characters such as the various patriarchs, or Job, Moses or Solomon. Then there is a series of works by cutting or philosophical wisdom, as the ancient tale of Ahikar, of Babylonian origin, adopted and transformed by the Jewish world and became very popular. There are, moreover, prayers, odes, psalms, some come to light at Qumran, the Dead Sea coast in one of the most famous discoveries of the last century. There are also additions or more information to be recorded free of biblical texts as the "Life of Adam and Eve" or the love story between Joseph and Asenet.
Illegio The exhibition, however, depicts the apocryphal Christian artistic representations linked to "recreate, often very loosely, the life of Jesus giving rise to a new gospel - there are also various apocalypses or Acts of the Apostles and letters on the model than Pauline. This is a significant mass of Christian writings, especially created by popular piety but also cultivated areas: we think of the Egyptian Gnostic writings. They were challenged soon, despite claiming a desire to align and complete the canonical books. This exclusion, often for other reasons because of their questionable quality theological and imaginative creativity of their historical, it does not prevent the entry of popular devotion, the same history of theology, liturgy, and especially in the artistic traditions of later centuries.
Therefore, we enter also surprised us as wayfarers in this jungle of pages, images, sensations, symbols, fantasies. Here we find, for example, the "divine misdeeds" of a guy who does Jesus die and rise again, or change in the kids playmates, which paralyzes the teacher who is going to beat him because of his wisdom too pedantic, but who knows how to cure snake bites and extracts from the children miraculously fallen into wells or ovens, which adjusts effortlessly read a manual twist out of the carpenter Joseph.
Among the dozens of trails that open up before us in this forest of literature, we choose an event that leads us to the Passover of Christ, the liturgical period that is accompanying us. A huge mass of short stories follows, in fact, the hours of the week that would later be called "holy." Chase only a few actors of those days dark and glorious, then regardless of the various parties in the exhibit Friuli.
*** The first to come to us is Judas Iscariot, the traitor, a character who has continued to generate new "apocryphal" to this day with several novels and works of several modern authors. For the ancient apocryphal story of the traitor of Jesus has ancient roots and very imaginative.
Son of the priest, Caiaphas, Judas as a child - according to the "Arabic Gospel of the Savior of the Child", an apocryphal dear to the Eastern Christians and even Muslims - showed signs of diabolic possession. His wife, however, according to an Egyptian Coptic text, had gathered with him to nurse the infant son of Joseph of Arimathea, who had offered the family grave to lay the body of Jesus so, when Judas came home clutching in the hands of the thirty money of betrayal, that baby did not want to suckle. He was then summoned his father Joseph saw it just the small, incredibly he shouted: "Come, Father, take me away from the hands of this woman who is a wild beast. Yesterday, the ninth hour, they took the Just the price of blood. " In fact, again according to the apocryphal texts, the wife had been pushing for Judas to betray venality: her husband have long been forced to rob the common purse of the disciples who, as stated in the canonical Gospel of John (12, 6), was just managed by Judas.
But the most dramatic scene is told from memory or the Gospel of Nicodemus, a famous apocryphal greek, now us also in Coptic and Latin, perhaps the start of the second century. Judas, after betraying Jesus, he retires to his house, dark and decided to commit suicide. His wife tried to convince him not to hang himself, confident that Christ will never rise again. The woman is roasting a cock for lunch and a bet with her husband: "In the same manner in which the roasted rooster can sing, so Jesus will rise again. But, just as he was speaking, that rooster spread his wings and crowed three times. Judah , then, entirely convinced, he made a noose with the rope and went to hang himself. "
is clear the recovery in the form surreal and exaggerated the Gospel theme of the rooster that crows at the time of the betrayal of Peter. Other apocryphal will paint the death of Judas, however, like an explosion after his body had been blown out of proportion - there is a free reference to Acts 1, 18 - and represent his desperate soul wandering in the car , ie in the underworld.
***
could not miss a flowering apocryphal also around another actor of the Gospel story of the last hours of Jesus' earthly: the Roman procurator Pontius Pilate. The writer and Christian martyr Justin in about 155 called "Acts of Pilate" Memoirs of Nicodemus to those we have just mentioned. In fact, they contain a vibrant Roman script for the trial of Christ, against which are advanced as counts of impure birth of fornication and the violation of the law, especially the Sabbath. But let the word old narrator enhances the already superhuman greatness of Christ. "Pilate called a messenger and told him: I brought you here is Jesus, but with kindness! The messenger came out and, when he saw Jesus, I love it, laid down his napkin in his hand and said, Lord, he goes above and come because the Governor is calling you. [...] When Jesus came before Pilate, the images held up on signs that the standard-bearers bowed themselves and worshiped Jesus. " Pilate then parade in front of witnesses on his behalf: blind, lame, a hunchback, the hemorrhaging woman, all healed by Jesus and Nicodemus, a member of the Jewish Sanhedrin.
comes into play here the same wife of the prosecutor of which also offer various apocryphal name, Claudia Procula or Procla: "You know my wife - Pilate said to the accusers of Jesus - to sympathize with you about Judaism. The Jews answered : Yes, I know! Pilate: Well, my wife sent me to say: There is nothing between you and this man right! Tonight, in fact, I suffered a lot because of him. The Jews, then, they said to Pilate : Have we said it was a magician? "It is he who sent your wife to the ghosts of dreams."
is also evident in this case as the basis of the narrative Canonical Gospel of Matthew (27, 19) is extended with the addition of color. At this point, Pilate - according to the Gospel of Peter, who has been called "the oldest non-canonical story of the Passion of Christ" (written around 100 in 1887 and found only in Upper Egypt in the tomb of a monaco) - "stood up; none of the Jews washed their hands, neither Herod nor any of its judges. " Only Pilate, therefore, symbolically washing his hands, declaring his innocence. Then, according to the Memoirs of Nicodemus, "ordered that the veil was pulled curule front of the chair and said to Jesus, Thy people accuse you of taking the title of king. So I have decreed that, in accordance with the law of the pious emperors, you are the first scourged and then hung on the cross in the garden where you were captured. Dismas and gestures, both criminals, will be crucified with thee. "They look so also the names of the two unlikely companions crucifixion of Jesus, anonymous, according to Luke 23, 39-43.
It is, however, especially on later life of Pilate unleash your imagination apocryphal, including modern we have the "Prosecutor of Judea" by Anatole France, to "point of view of Pontius Pilate" by Paul Claudel, the "Pilate's Wife" by Gertrud von Le Fort, the "Pontius Pilate "Roger Caillois, the" Pilate "by Friedrich Dürrenmatt, the" Master and Margarita "by Mikhail A. Bulgakov and so on.
There has come from ancient Christian apocryphal a report sent by Pilate to the emperors Tiberius and Claudius with the findings of the recipients, a letter from Pilate to Herod and a "Parade of Pilate, that hypothetical" tradition "of its historical vicissitudes. There were even apocryphal pagans on him, so much so that the Christian historian Eusebius of Caesarea complained that the emperor Maximinus Daia in 311 had done in schools of false memories of Pilate "full of blasphemy against Christ" and had ordered that boys learn by heart in order to instigate hatred against Christianity. But the Christian apocrypha and in particular attacked furiously on the death of Pilate, with contrasting results.
On the one hand, the cited "Parade" describes a tragic end during a hunting party with the emperor. "One day Tiberius, hunting, was chasing a gazelle, but when it came to the door of a cave, he stopped. Went to see Pilate. Tiberius meanwhile launched an arrow to hit the animal, but it crossed the entrance of the cave and killed Pilate. "
Most impressive is narrated by the end of another text which has become popular in the Middle Ages, that Pilate committed suicide in Rome with a blow of his valuable dagger. With a weight thrown into the Tiber, the corpse had to be rescued because it drew the evil spirits, making it dangerous to river traffic. Transfer to Vienne and immersed in the Rhone in France, had to be recovered for the same reason and was buried in Lausanne. But even here, because of his body infested with demons, you had to dig up and thrown into a natural well in the mountains.
On the other hand, the Christian apocryphal tradition instead enhances the conversion of Pilate who dies as a martyr, beheaded by order of Tiberius, and is welcomed into heaven by Christ. Not for nothing that the Ethiopian Church as a saint venerated in the Roman procurator's liturgical calendar.
The same fate will befall his wife Claudia Procula. Here, in fact, another version of the order of Pilate in accordance with the "Parade" that we mentioned above. "The commander Labio, responsible for capital severed head of Pilate and the angel of the Lord picked it up. His wife Procula saw the angel come to take the head of her husband, was a transport of joy and let out his last breath. It was thus buried with her husband want to Pilate and kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ. "The prosecutor's conversion had occurred in coincidence of the resurrection of Christ, the Gospel of Gamaliel, the work of the fifth century Coptic. In fact," entered the tomb of Christ, Pilate took the bandages mortuary, and embraced them in her love burst into tears. He then turned to his captain who had lost an eye in the war and thought: I'm sure these bands will return the light to his eye. She brought him the bandages mortuary and said: Do not you hear, brother, the scent of these bands? It is a smell of a corpse but steeped in royal purple sweet aromas. [...] The captain took the cloths and began to kiss her, saying, I am sure that you have wrapped the body that was resurrected from the dead! The moment he touched his face, his eye healed and saw the joyous light of the sun as before. It was as if Jesus had put his hand on him, just as had happened to the man born blind. "
*** A special chapter in many apocryphal gospels is for witnesses of the resurrection that multiply compared to the canonical Gospels and become spectators of epiphanies sensational. Here's how Pilate himself narrates his experience according to the Gospel of Gamaliel said: "I saw Jesus at my side! His brightness exceeded that of the sun and the whole city was illuminated, with the exception of the synagogue of the Jews. He said to me, Pilate, crying maybe because you had scourged Jesus? Do not be afraid for I am Jesus who died on the tree of the cross and I am the Jesus who was resurrected from the dead. This light you see is the glory of my resurrection that radiates with joy the whole world! Run, therefore, to my grave you'll find the burial bandages that are still there and the angels that guard, thrown in front of them and kiss him, he becomes champion of my resurrection, and you will see great miracles in my grave: the lame walk, the blind see and the dead will rise again. Be strong, Pilate, to be enlightened by the splendor of my resurrection that the Jews deny this. "And in fact, Pilate comes to the tomb of Christ - as we have seen - will go from surprise to surprise, encountering the thief also risen.
C 'is, therefore, an "other" Risen Christ that meets in the apocryphal writings to a crowd of people, compared to the more sober and thorough narrative of the canonical Gospels.
An appearance is reserved, for example, the apostle Bartholomew homonymous apocryphal Gospel: On that occasion Jesus reveals the secrets of Hades, where he spent the period between his death and the dawn Easter. In another text is Joseph of Arimathea to meet the Risen Lord. Arrested by the Jews for having offered to Jesus's tomb, he sees progress with the penitent thief Jesus in the darkness of his cell: "In the room shone a blinding light, the building was suspended at the four corners up, opened a passage and I went out. We took our trip to the Galilee, and a light shone around Jesus unbearable to the human eye and the robber gave off a pleasing scent that was the "paradise." Peter, too, beyond the Easter appearances "canonical", has an extraordinary meeting recorded in the Acts of Peter, an apocryphal composed between 180 and 190, on the road to Rome, and became the substance of "Quo Vadis?", the famous novel that the Polish Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote between 1894 and 1896.
***
Especially lively is the tradition concerning the apocryphal Jesus' mother, Mary. The canonical Gospels are silent on the meeting of the Risen Christ with her. In fact, after the scene of Calvary (John 19: 25-27) goes to the Acts of the Apostles according to which the disciples of Jesus are devoted themselves to prayer "with Mary" on the top floor of the house [of Jerusalem] where they lived "(1, 13-14) and you can not improve on the encounter between the mother and the Risen Lord. In this vacuum make up for plenty of the Apocrypha.
Resume in her hands the Gospel of Gamaliel. Mary, prostrate with grief, remains at home, and John that the news reports on the burial of her Son. However, it is not resigned to stay away from the tomb of Jesus and, through tears, said to John: "Although the grave of my son was glorious as the ark of Noah, I do not I would have no comfort if the I could see my tears to pour. John answered: How can we go? front of the tomb are four army soldiers guard the governor! [...] The Virgin, however, does not hold back and left on Sunday, good morning, came to the tomb. junta running, looked around and fixed his gaze on the stone had been rolled away from the tomb! Then said: This miracle happened to my son! He leaned forward, but he saw the body in the tomb of the Son. When the sun rose, while Mary's heart was melancholy and sad, he felt into the tomb from outside an aromatic scent: it seemed that the tree of life! The Virgin and turned up at a clump of incense, he saw God wearing a beautiful dress in purple blue.
Mary, however, does not recognize this glorious figure in his Son. So begins a dialogue similar to the Gospel of John (20, 11-18) weaves between Mary Magdalene and the Risen Christ and eventually the dissolution of the riddle was: "Do not be dismayed, Mary, looks good My face and convince you that I am your son. "And Mary replicate wishing him a" happy resurrection, "kneeling down to worship him and kiss his feet.
Another witness, even more sumptuous, the apparition of the Risen One to his mother is kept in a Coptic fragment of the V-VII century translation of a text more archaic. "The Savior appeared on the big chariot of the Father from all over the world and, in the language of his divinity, said: Marica, Marim, Tiath. Which means: Mariam, Mother of the Son of God! Mariam understood the meaning, so he turned and said, Master, Kathiath, Thamioth. Which means: Son of God! The Savior said: Hello to you, you brought life to all the world! Hi, my mother, my holy ark, my city, my home, my garment of glory which I dressed up coming to the world! Hi, my pitcher full of holy water! All heaven rejoices because of you. I assure you, Mary, my mother, who loves you, loves life. Then the Savior said, 'Go to my brothers and tell them,' which have risen from the dead and I'll go to my Father and your Father, my God and your God. [...] Mary said to her Son, Jesus, my Lord and my only Son, before you go from your Father in heaven, bless me for I am your mother, even if I do not want to touch you! And Jesus, our lives, he replied: You will be seated with me in my kingdom. Then the Son of God soared in his chariot of cherubim, and myriads of angels sing: Alleluia! The Savior extended his right hand and blessed Virgin. "
now with this text we find ourselves in another region, one of Marian devotion, especially dear to the churches of the East. The emphasis on Mariology slips, leaving the background Christological reference.
***
The rich examples that we have offered - although it refers to only one phase in the history of Jesus Christ - does not account for everything about the multiplicity of themes and reflections of the various situations that are revealed by the Church pages apocryphal. However, they are able to show unequivocally the quality radically different, both for historical accuracy for both the theology of the canonical New Testament writings, such as simplicity of their theme and narrative simplicity.
Significantly, in contrast, is the development of the "gnosis" - that salvation is offered only by knowledge - especially widespread in Egypt. It will introduce, for example, in the Gospel of Thomas, a collection of phrases or sayings of Jesus non-evangelicals and evangelicals, some of great historical interest, but also open the floodgates to questionable theological speculation, often very elaborate and sophisticated, and very extravagant.
On the positive side, we could say that, however, dominated by a strong sense the size of the Christological event and a vivid sense of Christian identity. In an apocryphal Gnostic Egyptian, known as the Gospel of Philip, says: "If you say I am jew! Nobody complains. If you say: I am Roman! No shakes. If you say, Greek, barbarian, slave, free! Nobody shakes . But if I say I am a Christian! The world trembles. "
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The site of the exhibition. with all the information:
> Apocrypha. Memories and legends over the Gospels
Promoter of the exhibition is the Committee of San Floriano, animated by Don Alessio Geretti, curate of the parish and scholar of Christian art.
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service Dedicated www.chiesa the previous shows on Genesis:
> Miracle at Illegio, a small mountain village (30.5.2008) __________
www.chiesa Other articles on related topics:
> Focus on ART AND MUSIC
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http://chiesa.espresso.repubblica.it/articolo/1338201
What the Bible has never told
A major exhibition of art dedicated to the apocryphal books. That is, the stories and characters in the canonical Scriptures do not speak. Not to invalidate the Gospels and the Church, but to bring them closer to us
by Sandro Magister ROMA, April 28, 2009 - A year ago the show began in Genesis. The year before the Apocalypse. And both times drew a Illegio, a small mountain village in the Alps of meat, a large number of visitors, fascinated by the masterpieces of art were gathered from major museums in Italy and the world. It was such a success that the exhibition on the Apocalypse was even replicated in Rome, the Vatican Museums.
year, from April 24 to October 4, Illegio are on display in the Apocrypha. That is, the memories and legends are not written in the books of the Old and New Testament, but revenue in the Christian tradition, art and footage shown in many churches.
Beginning dall'asinello ox and next to the baby Jesus, there are many episodes and characters of sacred history passed beyond the canonical texts of the Bible. For example, the birth and childhood of Mary with her parents Anna and Joachim, her marriage with Joseph, the names and stories of the Magi, the details of the flight into Egypt, the "Dormition" of Mary and her assumption to sky.
Eighty works collected in Illegio subject with the Apocrypha and authors of the first magnitude, such as Bruegel and Guercino, Caravaggio and Dürer. Of the latter, in the first weeks of the exhibition, is shown the wonderful "Rest on the Flight into Egypt," preserved in the Galleria Doria Pamphili in Rome. With Mary and the sleeping child and an angel who accompanies the violin a motet with words of the Song of Songs. Joseph holds the musical score and the ass looks and listens, enraptured.
On the cover of the exhibition catalog published by Skira, is a painting by Guercino of 1628 (see above) with a meeting between the risen Jesus and his mother is also not told in the Gospels.
The decision to dedicate the exhibition to the Apocrypha is not without addentellati today with the use of certain texts extrascritturali. From the "Da Vinci Code" the story of Judah is now swarming with books and films aimed at substantially invalidate the Gospels: books and films that present themselves as having a "hidden truth", hidden from the Gospels and the Church. This
the "hidden truth" is a character that already belonged to the apocryphal texts of the early centuries of the gnostic footprint. It is not surprising that we find success, with the modern anti-Christian Gnosticism.
works of art on display in Illegio instead show that a large part of the Apocrypha have had and may continue to have a completely different function: to fight and do not invalidate the canonical Gospels, but to expand the story, to enrich understanding, to feed their devotion, in substantial continuity with the founding story of the Holy Scriptures.
And this is one more reason to explore the vast array of writings extracanonical. This is what is below in a convincing way the Archbishop Gianfranco Ravasi, world-renowned scholar of the Bible and literature related to it, president of the pontifical council for culture.
Ravasi is among those who submitted officially to the public exhibition of Illegio on Apocrypha, on 23 April in Rome, in the building of the Embassy of Italy to the Holy See. His speech was also released in "L'Osservatore Romano" on April 24, 2009, entitled: "The song roasted rooster and the conversion of Pontius Pilate. "
Ravasi focuses mainly on the extensions that the Apocrypha have made accounts of the Passion. The conversion of Pontius Pilate is one of these developments: in the tradition came to the point that the Church Ethiopian venerated as a saint, the Roman procurator who condemned Jesus to death
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Easter according to the Apocrypha. Judas, Pilate, Mary
Gianfranco Ravasi
is paradoxical, but it is not difficult to order a company exhibition which has the theme of the apocryphal gospels, just as is evidenced by the magnificent exhibition which opened April 24 in Illegio in Friuli, a town became known for his extraordinary artistic events.
This literature was, in fact, their extraordinary success in art and popular tradition. Under the term "apocryphal" - literally, from the greek, the books "hidden" - lies, in fact, an immense literary and religious, even of low quality, which runs parallel to but independent from the Old and New Testament which contain the books instead of "canonical", ie those recognized by Judaism and Christianity as sacred texts, inspired by God These documents will also distribute the final stage of Judaism Old Testament and are a chapter of the same religious literature Jewish.
The Jewish apocrypha texts are at least 65 different compounds from the third century before the Christian era until the second century, due to areas and genres. Important, for example, are some apocalyptic writings such as the three books of Enoch, which offer a varied but decisive testimony of many conceptions of Judaism. Also significant are the "wills" put into the mouth of various biblical characters such as the various patriarchs, or Job, Moses or Solomon. Then there is a series of works by cutting or philosophical wisdom, as the ancient tale of Ahikar, of Babylonian origin, adopted and transformed by the Jewish world and became very popular. There are, moreover, prayers, odes, psalms, some come to light at Qumran, the Dead Sea coast in one of the most famous discoveries of the last century. There are also additions or more information to be recorded free of biblical texts as the "Life of Adam and Eve" or the love story between Joseph and Asenet.
Illegio The exhibition, however, depicts the apocryphal Christian artistic representations linked to "recreate, often very loosely, the life of Jesus giving rise to a new gospel - there are also various apocalypses or Acts of the Apostles and letters on the model than Pauline. This is a significant mass of Christian writings, especially created by popular piety but also cultivated areas: we think of the Egyptian Gnostic writings. They were challenged soon, despite claiming a desire to align and complete the canonical books. This exclusion, often for other reasons because of their questionable quality theological and imaginative creativity of their historical, it does not prevent the entry of popular devotion, the same history of theology, liturgy, and especially in the artistic traditions of later centuries.
Therefore, we enter also surprised us as wayfarers in this jungle of pages, images, sensations, symbols, fantasies. Here we find, for example, the "divine misdeeds" of a guy who does Jesus die and rise again, or change in the kids playmates, which paralyzes the teacher who is going to beat him because of his wisdom too pedantic, but who knows how to cure snake bites and extracts from the children miraculously fallen into wells or ovens, which adjusts effortlessly read a manual twist out of the carpenter Joseph.
Among the dozens of trails that open up before us in this forest of literature, we choose an event that leads us to the Passover of Christ, the liturgical period that is accompanying us. A huge mass of short stories follows, in fact, the hours of the week that would later be called "holy." Chase only a few actors of those days dark and glorious, then regardless of the various parties in the exhibit Friuli.
*** The first to come to us is Judas Iscariot, the traitor, a character who has continued to generate new "apocryphal" to this day with several novels and works of several modern authors. For the ancient apocryphal story of the traitor of Jesus has ancient roots and very imaginative.
Son of the priest, Caiaphas, Judas as a child - according to the "Arabic Gospel of the Savior of the Child", an apocryphal dear to the Eastern Christians and even Muslims - showed signs of diabolic possession. His wife, however, according to an Egyptian Coptic text, had gathered with him to nurse the infant son of Joseph of Arimathea, who had offered the family grave to lay the body of Jesus so, when Judas came home clutching in the hands of the thirty money of betrayal, that baby did not want to suckle. He was then summoned his father Joseph saw it just the small, incredibly he shouted: "Come, Father, take me away from the hands of this woman who is a wild beast. Yesterday, the ninth hour, they took the Just the price of blood. " In fact, again according to the apocryphal texts, the wife had been pushing for Judas to betray venality: her husband have long been forced to rob the common purse of the disciples who, as stated in the canonical Gospel of John (12, 6), was just managed by Judas.
But the most dramatic scene is told from memory or the Gospel of Nicodemus, a famous apocryphal greek, now us also in Coptic and Latin, perhaps the start of the second century. Judas, after betraying Jesus, he retires to his house, dark and decided to commit suicide. His wife tried to convince him not to hang himself, confident that Christ will never rise again. The woman is roasting a cock for lunch and a bet with her husband: "In the same manner in which the roasted rooster can sing, so Jesus will rise again. But, just as he was speaking, that rooster spread his wings and crowed three times. Judah , then, entirely convinced, he made a noose with the rope and went to hang himself. "
is clear the recovery in the form surreal and exaggerated the Gospel theme of the rooster that crows at the time of the betrayal of Peter. Other apocryphal will paint the death of Judas, however, like an explosion after his body had been blown out of proportion - there is a free reference to Acts 1, 18 - and represent his desperate soul wandering in the car , ie in the underworld.
***
could not miss a flowering apocryphal also around another actor of the Gospel story of the last hours of Jesus' earthly: the Roman procurator Pontius Pilate. The writer and Christian martyr Justin in about 155 called "Acts of Pilate" Memoirs of Nicodemus to those we have just mentioned. In fact, they contain a vibrant Roman script for the trial of Christ, against which are advanced as counts of impure birth of fornication and the violation of the law, especially the Sabbath. But let the word old narrator enhances the already superhuman greatness of Christ. "Pilate called a messenger and told him: I brought you here is Jesus, but with kindness! The messenger came out and, when he saw Jesus, I love it, laid down his napkin in his hand and said, Lord, he goes above and come because the Governor is calling you. [...] When Jesus came before Pilate, the images held up on signs that the standard-bearers bowed themselves and worshiped Jesus. " Pilate then parade in front of witnesses on his behalf: blind, lame, a hunchback, the hemorrhaging woman, all healed by Jesus and Nicodemus, a member of the Jewish Sanhedrin.
comes into play here the same wife of the prosecutor of which also offer various apocryphal name, Claudia Procula or Procla: "You know my wife - Pilate said to the accusers of Jesus - to sympathize with you about Judaism. The Jews answered : Yes, I know! Pilate: Well, my wife sent me to say: There is nothing between you and this man right! Tonight, in fact, I suffered a lot because of him. The Jews, then, they said to Pilate : Have we said it was a magician? "It is he who sent your wife to the ghosts of dreams."
is also evident in this case as the basis of the narrative Canonical Gospel of Matthew (27, 19) is extended with the addition of color. At this point, Pilate - according to the Gospel of Peter, who has been called "the oldest non-canonical story of the Passion of Christ" (written around 100 in 1887 and found only in Upper Egypt in the tomb of a monaco) - "stood up; none of the Jews washed their hands, neither Herod nor any of its judges. " Only Pilate, therefore, symbolically washing his hands, declaring his innocence. Then, according to the Memoirs of Nicodemus, "ordered that the veil was pulled curule front of the chair and said to Jesus, Thy people accuse you of taking the title of king. So I have decreed that, in accordance with the law of the pious emperors, you are the first scourged and then hung on the cross in the garden where you were captured. Dismas and gestures, both criminals, will be crucified with thee. "They look so also the names of the two unlikely companions crucifixion of Jesus, anonymous, according to Luke 23, 39-43.
It is, however, especially on later life of Pilate unleash your imagination apocryphal, including modern we have the "Prosecutor of Judea" by Anatole France, to "point of view of Pontius Pilate" by Paul Claudel, the "Pilate's Wife" by Gertrud von Le Fort, the "Pontius Pilate "Roger Caillois, the" Pilate "by Friedrich Dürrenmatt, the" Master and Margarita "by Mikhail A. Bulgakov and so on.
There has come from ancient Christian apocryphal a report sent by Pilate to the emperors Tiberius and Claudius with the findings of the recipients, a letter from Pilate to Herod and a "Parade of Pilate, that hypothetical" tradition "of its historical vicissitudes. There were even apocryphal pagans on him, so much so that the Christian historian Eusebius of Caesarea complained that the emperor Maximinus Daia in 311 had done in schools of false memories of Pilate "full of blasphemy against Christ" and had ordered that boys learn by heart in order to instigate hatred against Christianity. But the Christian apocrypha and in particular attacked furiously on the death of Pilate, with contrasting results.
On the one hand, the cited "Parade" describes a tragic end during a hunting party with the emperor. "One day Tiberius, hunting, was chasing a gazelle, but when it came to the door of a cave, he stopped. Went to see Pilate. Tiberius meanwhile launched an arrow to hit the animal, but it crossed the entrance of the cave and killed Pilate. "
Most impressive is narrated by the end of another text which has become popular in the Middle Ages, that Pilate committed suicide in Rome with a blow of his valuable dagger. With a weight thrown into the Tiber, the corpse had to be rescued because it drew the evil spirits, making it dangerous to river traffic. Transfer to Vienne and immersed in the Rhone in France, had to be recovered for the same reason and was buried in Lausanne. But even here, because of his body infested with demons, you had to dig up and thrown into a natural well in the mountains.
On the other hand, the Christian apocryphal tradition instead enhances the conversion of Pilate who dies as a martyr, beheaded by order of Tiberius, and is welcomed into heaven by Christ. Not for nothing that the Ethiopian Church as a saint venerated in the Roman procurator's liturgical calendar.
The same fate will befall his wife Claudia Procula. Here, in fact, another version of the order of Pilate in accordance with the "Parade" that we mentioned above. "The commander Labio, responsible for capital severed head of Pilate and the angel of the Lord picked it up. His wife Procula saw the angel come to take the head of her husband, was a transport of joy and let out his last breath. It was thus buried with her husband want to Pilate and kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ. "The prosecutor's conversion had occurred in coincidence of the resurrection of Christ, the Gospel of Gamaliel, the work of the fifth century Coptic. In fact," entered the tomb of Christ, Pilate took the bandages mortuary, and embraced them in her love burst into tears. He then turned to his captain who had lost an eye in the war and thought: I'm sure these bands will return the light to his eye. She brought him the bandages mortuary and said: Do not you hear, brother, the scent of these bands? It is a smell of a corpse but steeped in royal purple sweet aromas. [...] The captain took the cloths and began to kiss her, saying, I am sure that you have wrapped the body that was resurrected from the dead! The moment he touched his face, his eye healed and saw the joyous light of the sun as before. It was as if Jesus had put his hand on him, just as had happened to the man born blind. "
*** A special chapter in many apocryphal gospels is for witnesses of the resurrection that multiply compared to the canonical Gospels and become spectators of epiphanies sensational. Here's how Pilate himself narrates his experience according to the Gospel of Gamaliel said: "I saw Jesus at my side! His brightness exceeded that of the sun and the whole city was illuminated, with the exception of the synagogue of the Jews. He said to me, Pilate, crying maybe because you had scourged Jesus? Do not be afraid for I am Jesus who died on the tree of the cross and I am the Jesus who was resurrected from the dead. This light you see is the glory of my resurrection that radiates with joy the whole world! Run, therefore, to my grave you'll find the burial bandages that are still there and the angels that guard, thrown in front of them and kiss him, he becomes champion of my resurrection, and you will see great miracles in my grave: the lame walk, the blind see and the dead will rise again. Be strong, Pilate, to be enlightened by the splendor of my resurrection that the Jews deny this. "And in fact, Pilate comes to the tomb of Christ - as we have seen - will go from surprise to surprise, encountering the thief also risen.
C 'is, therefore, an "other" Risen Christ that meets in the apocryphal writings to a crowd of people, compared to the more sober and thorough narrative of the canonical Gospels.
An appearance is reserved, for example, the apostle Bartholomew homonymous apocryphal Gospel: On that occasion Jesus reveals the secrets of Hades, where he spent the period between his death and the dawn Easter. In another text is Joseph of Arimathea to meet the Risen Lord. Arrested by the Jews for having offered to Jesus's tomb, he sees progress with the penitent thief Jesus in the darkness of his cell: "In the room shone a blinding light, the building was suspended at the four corners up, opened a passage and I went out. We took our trip to the Galilee, and a light shone around Jesus unbearable to the human eye and the robber gave off a pleasing scent that was the "paradise." Peter, too, beyond the Easter appearances "canonical", has an extraordinary meeting recorded in the Acts of Peter, an apocryphal composed between 180 and 190, on the road to Rome, and became the substance of "Quo Vadis?", the famous novel that the Polish Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote between 1894 and 1896.
***
Especially lively is the tradition concerning the apocryphal Jesus' mother, Mary. The canonical Gospels are silent on the meeting of the Risen Christ with her. In fact, after the scene of Calvary (John 19: 25-27) goes to the Acts of the Apostles according to which the disciples of Jesus are devoted themselves to prayer "with Mary" on the top floor of the house [of Jerusalem] where they lived "(1, 13-14) and you can not improve on the encounter between the mother and the Risen Lord. In this vacuum make up for plenty of the Apocrypha.
Resume in her hands the Gospel of Gamaliel. Mary, prostrate with grief, remains at home, and John that the news reports on the burial of her Son. However, it is not resigned to stay away from the tomb of Jesus and, through tears, said to John: "Although the grave of my son was glorious as the ark of Noah, I do not I would have no comfort if the I could see my tears to pour. John answered: How can we go? front of the tomb are four army soldiers guard the governor! [...] The Virgin, however, does not hold back and left on Sunday, good morning, came to the tomb. junta running, looked around and fixed his gaze on the stone had been rolled away from the tomb! Then said: This miracle happened to my son! He leaned forward, but he saw the body in the tomb of the Son. When the sun rose, while Mary's heart was melancholy and sad, he felt into the tomb from outside an aromatic scent: it seemed that the tree of life! The Virgin and turned up at a clump of incense, he saw God wearing a beautiful dress in purple blue.
Mary, however, does not recognize this glorious figure in his Son. So begins a dialogue similar to the Gospel of John (20, 11-18) weaves between Mary Magdalene and the Risen Christ and eventually the dissolution of the riddle was: "Do not be dismayed, Mary, looks good My face and convince you that I am your son. "And Mary replicate wishing him a" happy resurrection, "kneeling down to worship him and kiss his feet.
Another witness, even more sumptuous, the apparition of the Risen One to his mother is kept in a Coptic fragment of the V-VII century translation of a text more archaic. "The Savior appeared on the big chariot of the Father from all over the world and, in the language of his divinity, said: Marica, Marim, Tiath. Which means: Mariam, Mother of the Son of God! Mariam understood the meaning, so he turned and said, Master, Kathiath, Thamioth. Which means: Son of God! The Savior said: Hello to you, you brought life to all the world! Hi, my mother, my holy ark, my city, my home, my garment of glory which I dressed up coming to the world! Hi, my pitcher full of holy water! All heaven rejoices because of you. I assure you, Mary, my mother, who loves you, loves life. Then the Savior said, 'Go to my brothers and tell them,' which have risen from the dead and I'll go to my Father and your Father, my God and your God. [...] Mary said to her Son, Jesus, my Lord and my only Son, before you go from your Father in heaven, bless me for I am your mother, even if I do not want to touch you! And Jesus, our lives, he replied: You will be seated with me in my kingdom. Then the Son of God soared in his chariot of cherubim, and myriads of angels sing: Alleluia! The Savior extended his right hand and blessed Virgin. "
now with this text we find ourselves in another region, one of Marian devotion, especially dear to the churches of the East. The emphasis on Mariology slips, leaving the background Christological reference.
***
The rich examples that we have offered - although it refers to only one phase in the history of Jesus Christ - does not account for everything about the multiplicity of themes and reflections of the various situations that are revealed by the Church pages apocryphal. However, they are able to show unequivocally the quality radically different, both for historical accuracy for both the theology of the canonical New Testament writings, such as simplicity of their theme and narrative simplicity.
Significantly, in contrast, is the development of the "gnosis" - that salvation is offered only by knowledge - especially widespread in Egypt. It will introduce, for example, in the Gospel of Thomas, a collection of phrases or sayings of Jesus non-evangelicals and evangelicals, some of great historical interest, but also open the floodgates to questionable theological speculation, often very elaborate and sophisticated, and very extravagant.
On the positive side, we could say that, however, dominated by a strong sense the size of the Christological event and a vivid sense of Christian identity. In an apocryphal Gnostic Egyptian, known as the Gospel of Philip, says: "If you say I am jew! Nobody complains. If you say: I am Roman! No shakes. If you say, Greek, barbarian, slave, free! Nobody shakes . But if I say I am a Christian! The world trembles. "
__________
The site of the exhibition. with all the information:
> Apocrypha. Memories and legends over the Gospels
Promoter of the exhibition is the Committee of San Floriano, animated by Don Alessio Geretti, curate of the parish and scholar of Christian art.
__________
service Dedicated www.chiesa the previous shows on Genesis:
> Miracle at Illegio, a small mountain village (30.5.2008) __________
www.chiesa Other articles on related topics:
> Focus on ART AND MUSIC
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http://chiesa.espresso.repubblica.it/articolo/1338201
Thursday, April 23, 2009
Married Genital Warts
The Holy Scriptures recognized as authentic and those who are not
Eusebius from Caesarea
The Holy Scriptures recognized as authentic and those who are not
1. At this point it seems fair to summarize the New Testament writings thus far mentioned. First, it is only right to list the holy tetrad of the Gospels, which follows the book of Acts.
2. Are then counted The letters of Paul, and soon after, the first attributed to John-uted, and you must confirm the first letter of Peter. It should also add, if it will seem appropriate, the Apocalypse of John, whose expose on the opinions in due course.
3. These are the books accepted as authentic. Among those discussed, but still known to most people, there is the letter that James, to Judas, the second of Peter and the so-called second and third of John, whether they are attributed to the evangelist or another, his namesake.
4. Among the spurious list them instead of the Acts of Paul, the so-called Shepherd and the Apocalypse of Peter, as well as the letter attributed to Barnabas, the work called Didache of the Apostles and, as I said, the Apocalypse of John, if it is considered appropriate: some, again, reject it, while others include undisputed between the texts.
5. Among the latter, some have also cataloged the Gospel according to the Hebrews, like that for all those Jews who accepted the doctrine of Christ.
6. All the above would then be discussed between the texts and we have not felt necessary to make a list separating the Scriptures that, according to church tradition, are true, authentic and indisputable, and non-testamentary and discussed, but still known to most of the authors Church. This will give us a way to distinguish these from the same texts those that are presented by the heretics under the name of the apostles, as containing, say, the Gospels of Peter, Thomas, Matthew and others, the Acts of Andrew, John and other apostles, that none of those who succeeded in ' orthodoxy ever considered worthy of mention in any of their works.
7. Even the style of the sentence is very different from that characteristic of the apostles, and the thought and doctrine statements are in sharp contrast with the true orthodoxy, thus demonstrating clearly that they are forgeries of heretics. Do not be so categorized even among the spurious, but they must be rejected as completely absurd and wicked.
http://www.vangeliapocrifi.it/vangeli-apocrifi.php
Eusebius from Caesarea
The Holy Scriptures recognized as authentic and those who are not
1. At this point it seems fair to summarize the New Testament writings thus far mentioned. First, it is only right to list the holy tetrad of the Gospels, which follows the book of Acts.
2. Are then counted The letters of Paul, and soon after, the first attributed to John-uted, and you must confirm the first letter of Peter. It should also add, if it will seem appropriate, the Apocalypse of John, whose expose on the opinions in due course.
3. These are the books accepted as authentic. Among those discussed, but still known to most people, there is the letter that James, to Judas, the second of Peter and the so-called second and third of John, whether they are attributed to the evangelist or another, his namesake.
4. Among the spurious list them instead of the Acts of Paul, the so-called Shepherd and the Apocalypse of Peter, as well as the letter attributed to Barnabas, the work called Didache of the Apostles and, as I said, the Apocalypse of John, if it is considered appropriate: some, again, reject it, while others include undisputed between the texts.
5. Among the latter, some have also cataloged the Gospel according to the Hebrews, like that for all those Jews who accepted the doctrine of Christ.
6. All the above would then be discussed between the texts and we have not felt necessary to make a list separating the Scriptures that, according to church tradition, are true, authentic and indisputable, and non-testamentary and discussed, but still known to most of the authors Church. This will give us a way to distinguish these from the same texts those that are presented by the heretics under the name of the apostles, as containing, say, the Gospels of Peter, Thomas, Matthew and others, the Acts of Andrew, John and other apostles, that none of those who succeeded in ' orthodoxy ever considered worthy of mention in any of their works.
7. Even the style of the sentence is very different from that characteristic of the apostles, and the thought and doctrine statements are in sharp contrast with the true orthodoxy, thus demonstrating clearly that they are forgeries of heretics. Do not be so categorized even among the spurious, but they must be rejected as completely absurd and wicked.
http://www.vangeliapocrifi.it/vangeli-apocrifi.php
Milena Velba En Le Autobus
Rosicrucian: THE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Rosicrucian: Questions and Answers
CONTENTS Introduction
It is possible to reconcile the Bible and reincarnation?
You can add details about salvation outside of God's Word?
Jesus and Buddha are the same thing?
The Bible is a book token?
Gnosticism is incompatible with Christianity revealed?
Christ is only one force?
Introduction
Like Branham, the School of Unity and astrology, as the Rosicrucians are not an organized religion, are quite similar to a Masonic fraternal community. Writers oldest trace the movement of ancient Egypt, and just to Thutmose III, who lived in the fifteenth century (1489) bC Other historians trace the origins of this brotherhood to a man, it is unknown whether legendary or actually experienced, called Christian Rosenkreuz. It is ten times that he lived in the fourteenth or fifteenth century AD
Today, two main groups claim to represent the ancient teachings rossocrociani: a group is the Communion of rossocrociani, the other group is called Ancient Mystic Order of the Rosy Cross. The latter group insists especially on their originality and authenticity.
Why are they called "Rosicrucian" or "the Rose-cross"? The mystical symbol of this group is a cross made up of men with arms outstretched, on which is drawn a rose as a symbol of chastity and purity. Around the symbol is written: "On your cross the roses bloom," which will probably be a wish for a perfect growing. What
believe Crocean pink? It is difficult to get a clear picture of their doctrines and their beliefs, since these are reserved for members of the group, are secrets of the brotherhood and should not go outside of it. This secret knowledge is promised to the members of the brotherhood, will lead to incredible breakthroughs and full self-control.
This, however, views often parallel those of theosophy, including the theory of reincarnation. Some excerpts from a booklet titled Am I My Brother's Keeper? tell us something of the spirit and purpose of this movement: "This is the mystical path to happiness, success and peace is really deep ... the secret key to material progress and joy on earth, as well as for happiness spiritual or mystical within the universal consciousness "(p. 7). "Free to be believed and sectarian dogmatism, tolerant and benevolent, the Rosicrucian Order, which does not have any redeeming the world anticipates no savior except God himself in man, it opens all its doors and invites all those who are in 'ignorance and are still trying, to engage retreats to the comforting knowledge that lead to mystical and reclaimed the street "(p. 9).
Assessing the Rosicrucian movement? A clear and well-known passage of Scripture, John 3:16, shows clearly to those who base their beliefs on the Bible, that the only requirement for eternal life is faith. The biblical faith means personal commitment, not the discovery of a secret, which is why, once again, Galatians 1:8,9 is the appropriate step. Paul pronounced a curse on anyone who proclaims a message other than what God has revealed to him, the gospel of Jesus Christ.
1. It is possible to reconcile the Bible and reincarnation?
(for more exploration see this page)
Answers to common questions:
A chance to start over: "A human being who had his whole life or part of that has worn must be able to recover in a 'other existence. He shall enjoy the benefits of remedial examination ... "
RESPONSE - The Christian truth is divided into two statements:
1. Always be ready. This life is no joke. Our death is the final encounter with the God of Life to which we must always be ready. Jesus tells the parable of the wise virgins and foolish virgins who had not prepared for the return of the Lord and that was the last moment go to buy oil for their lamps. But on their return they found the door permanently closed. We will have no vetting of reparation "in front of the Lord. The Lord takes seriously our actions, our hearts. We must learn to spend well the days we spend on this earth, because we have a second chance.
2. Time is relative: "For the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day" (2 Peter 3:8). The God of the Bible sometimes likes to make fun of the time when it comes to her children in body or soul. It is the story of the thief on the cross repaired all the errors of his life in a few moments before he died. But life is no joke and the last "yes" or "no" to the Truth is prepared for all the free acts of our lives and summarizes them all. Moreover, if our lives would end on this earth, then any inequality in the birth would be an injustice, a deception. While Christians are called to fight the forms of injustice and this is the preparation of the Kingdom, on the other are called to overcome all forms of materialism: man is not made of one flesh, man is not made for exhausted in the matter, but he feels an indescribable desire to go further, beyond what you can measure, touch, see. "Because you see, you have believed, Thomas. Blessed are those who believe, never seeing." Our
be aspires to go further. We were not born to live on this earth. But our life goes on, transformed. So no divine injustice, if a person spends 100 years, while another only 10.
The origin of the soul of infants, "according to Plato, the number of souls is fixed and unchangeable. They can not be created from nothing, but always pre-exist at birth of infants. So the souls of the living can not be that from the dead. "
RESPONSE - The Christian vision of the soul does not refer to Plato. God is the Creator, forever, and he continues to create new souls for bodies just conceived by man and other creatures. However, the book of Genesis shows us a world of difference between the human soul, the seat of rationality, feelings, and the animal: the human soul is immortal because the living image of God. In addition, the primordial man, it says, is not satisfied by the presence of animals around him: a sign of the profound difference that separates it from the rest of creation. This does not mean that man can and must live by the "brother" with all creation, not as master, but as a pro-creator, which brings forward that the creative work of God
If the souls were always present the same how do you explain the huge increase in world population? Where were those souls?
natural inequalities "If Mozart composed music for five years so elaborate, obviously must have already sketched out in previous lives, "they think the followers of reincarnation." Why a mongoloid child was born while her twin brother is gifted? Obviously, the first must be purified by past sins, while the latter enjoys the benefits of its commitment to the past. Every action produces its effect sooner or later, good or bad: in Hinduism this cosmic law of cause and effect relationship and pay nearly mechanics of our actions is called karma. "
ANSWER - The first biblical answer to the karmic vision of inequalities is natural in a sublimation of human rationality: "God's ways are not your ways" (Isaiah 55:8). Disabled people, without health, can be equipped with an exceptionally heart capable of love. This is not necessarily the past sins of people dried up. Moreover, the natural inequalities are the simple result of the variety in nature. As the flowers are all different, so it is with human beings: it is not necessary to disturb the law of karma to explain the natural inequalities.
The experience of awakening from coma "after the experience of some of the awakened coma are inclined to believe in reincarnation, no longer conceive of death as annihilation, but as a rebirth, dying can be reborn to learn a new more peaceful life. "
RESPONSE - The coma is not an experience death, so that experience is not in itself conclusive. On the contrary, Christians have the historical proof of the Resurrection of Christ. Many witnesses saw him, they could testify in the presence of physical persecution, were able to testify even when everything seemed to be over. And they did. Because they had seen.
Some biblical passages: a character in the Bible can be led to assume the role of someone who preceded it. For example, Elisha was another Elijah. Similarly, as a precursor of the Messiah, was expecting a second Elijah. In fact, the angel announces to Zechariah that his son "to go before the strength and spirit of Elijah" (Lk 1:17). This continuity in the mission in no way implies an identity between the two beings.
more reason Jesus could not be a reincarnation of John the Baptist, as his contemporary! But a man like superstitious Herod could look into the supernatural power that Jesus of Nazareth seemed to have an extension of the power they already enjoyed the Baptist. Jesus or his apostles ever utter a word that is even slightly closer to the belief of reincarnation.
When the apostles suggest as an explanation of the blindness of a blind from birth is a sin that could be ascribed to him, this is not necessarily proof that they thought a wrong committed in existence earlier. They could simply think that this illness was due, as taught by rabbis of the time, a wrong committed by the child during her pregnancy.
Jesus on the other hand rejects any link between the disease and any sin. He never mentioned a possible cause-effect relationship between the misfortunes of men and a spot contract in a previous life. Jesus does not direct our steps toward the past, but towards the future. What really matters is to be ready for the coming of "He who comes like a thief" (Mt 24.43).
Further contrasts
1. We are a triunities. Reincarnation implies also a concept that seems obvious, but that's not all: the body would only a shell. Paul says that each of us is "spirit, soul and body" (1 Thessalonians 5:23). We are not only the soul, but we are also spirit and body. We are a "tri-unity." So we are not simply a soul that migrates from one body to another.
2. Salvation by faith and not by works. The doctrine of reincarnation is that of course leverage karma: the fate of our existence depends on our actions. As if at the end of our lives, we were put on the scales of good and evil we have committed, then we will have a better fate if the balance tips toward the good, on the contrary we will have a worse fate.
As this doctrine of "meritocracy" is entered the blood of Christians, there is nothing biblical about this.
In his letters Paul states categorically and emphatically that man's salvation is God's gift, free gift. That is, in other words, man is saved by grace. How a man can take possession of this saving work? With its own merits? No, dear friends. With the merits of the death and resurrection of Christ, by faith. Faith in Christ is our means of salvation.
For by grace are ye saved through faith and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast.
(Ephesians 2:8-9)
The man is justified by faith apart from works of law.
(Rom 3:28)
For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.
(Jn 3:16)
Salvation is by faith in Christ and has not by our works. The Word of God is as clear as day. To those who think that he should merit salvation by works and who think that salvation by faith excludes any value to the works, note that the works are a result of the love of a being renewed, freed from the bondage of sin and the IO , free from death. They are not the works that make us deserving of eternal life, but it is the same new life that produces in us works renovated.
You take the riches of his kindness, his tolerance, his patience, not knowing that the goodness of God leads you to repentance?
(Rom 2:4).
It is not our work, our conversion, which makes us deserve the love of God, but God's love works in us conversion.
2. You can add details about the Salvation Army that are not already included in the Word of God?
One thing that impresses when you attend the meetings of the Rosicrucians is the presence of posters which show diagrams and pictures that serve to explain the mysteries of salvation and spiritual development of man. This is not so surprising that the presence of posters, as the wealth of detail added to and clarified with absolute certainty and without any uncertainty that always are presented to the candidates "seekers."
What does the Bible say about it? With the Book of Revelation, the Church has considered concluded all the truths revealed to man for his salvation. The Church was aware of the difference between what is God's Word and what is human speech, including a holy revelation for all times and all generations and a personal word to the limited historical context. The early Christians have strongly felt that with the Apocalypse of the assets of all that was necessary for eternal life was complete. Not that the Word of God to explain everything in detail, but reveals just enough to reach eternal life.
The Bible itself says
From childhood, you know the holy scriptures: they may instruct you for salvation, which is obtained through faith in Jesus Christ All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof , correcting and training in righteousness, that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
(2 Tim 3:15-16)
Jesus did many other signs in the presence of his disciples, but they are not written in this book. But these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God and that believing you may have life in his name.
(Jn 20, 30-31)
The Scriptures therefore have a duty to teach us and lead us to salvation is obtained through faith in Christ. John himself testifies that not everything Jesus did and said what was reported, but what is written is aimed at saving faith, to "believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God and that believing you may have life in his name. Obviously, nothing is missing and nothing has been concealed what is necessary for our salvation.
do not need to insist too much: the Word of God is clear, reassuring and thorough in this regard. Nothing is overlooked that could be necessary to eternal life, God would not have allowed.
Those who add their own words to the Word of God and make it a necessity for believers, not just make a pure theological speculation, making the Bible a joke, but also carry a disgrace towards those who believe abuse of their good faith and thereby charging unnecessary burdens on them and in doing so draw upon himself the curse of the Apocalypse:
declare to everyone who hears the prophetic words of this book to those who add something, God will make him the plagues described in this book; and who will remove a few words of this prophetic book, God will deprive the tree of life and the city holy, as described in this book.
(Rev. 22, 18-19)
3. Jesus and Buddha are the same thing?
The Rosicrucians claim to find irrefutable truth in all religions, indeed to be more precise: all would be true.
The 'light' experienced by Buddha is reduced to the belief that the world is evil, which is a source of evil and suffering to humans. To get rid of this evil we must free ourselves from the world, we must break the bonds that exist in our human constitution, in our psyche and our body. The more we free ourselves from these bonds, the more we become indifferent to what is in the world, the more we free ourselves from suffering, that which comes from evil from the world.
We approach God in this way? In the "light" sent by Buddha does not speak of this. Buddhism is an atheistic system significantly. In Buddhism, does not free us from evil through the good that comes from God, we get rid of only through detachment from the world, which is bad. The fullness of this detachment is not union with God, but the so-called nirvana or a state of perfect indifference to the world. Save to say first of all get rid of evil, making the forces indifferent to the world that is the source of evil. In this culmination of the spiritual process.
But Christ does not propose a mere ascetic detachment from the world. Proposes the separation from world to join What is outside of the world: and this is not Nirvana, but a personal God. The union with Him is not realized only in the way of purification, but through God's love, obedience, faith.
A separate issue is the return of ancient gnostic ideas in the form of so-called New Age. There can be no illusion that this will lead to a renewal of religion. It's just a new way of practicing gnosticism, that attitude of mind which in the name of a so-called "deep knowledge" of God, results in distorting His Word and replacing it with purely human words. Gnosticism never completely abandoned the realm of Christianity, but has always lived with it, sometimes in the form of a philosophical movement, but more often religious and para in distinct, if not declared, conflict with what is essentially Christian.
4. The Bible is a book token?
"For these things the Jews seized me in the temple and tried to kill me. But God's help I have seen to this day, and I can still bear witness to the humble and great. Nothing except what I say Moses and the prophets declared that it had to happen, namely, that Christ would die, and that the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to the people and the Gentiles. "
While he said these things in his defense, Festus said aloud: "Paul, you are raving, the great learning puts you out of her mind."
But Paul said, "Not mad, most noble Festus, but utter words of truth and good sense."
(Acts 26, 21-25)
So Paul has also risked their lives to speak of the resurrection. Paul even says, "I say nothing except that [...] would die and that Christ, the first to rise from the dead [...]".
Nothing! There seems to be a symbolic language? Paul could explain to his persecutors and tell them that it was a simple way of saying that Jesus had in a sense, won himself. It would have been a more normal speech and his persecutors would have understood.
Again
And when everything has been subjected, he, the Son, will be subjected to the One who subjected all things, that God may be all in all. Otherwise, what would those who are baptized for the dead? If indeed the dead are not raised, because they are baptized for them?
(1 Cor 15, 29)
If only for humane reasons I had fought against the wild beasts at Ephesus, what I use? If the dead are not raised, eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.
(1 Cor 15, 32)
is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon and another glory of the stars, each star in fact differs from another in glory. So even the resurrection of the dead is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable; is sown in dishonor, raised in glory, is sown in weakness, raised in power; is sown a natural body, raised a spiritual body.
(1 Cor 15, 41-44)
Are they symbolic statements? However, it is also true that Jesus Christ spoke of a resurrection within that happens here on earth, which can happen now, because it is time for humanity is dead because of sin, and lives in the sense of loss, inability to move beyond the illusions, to go beyond oneself, the inability to love the way down.
you have been raised with Christ, seek the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God
(Colossians 3:1)
There are therefore two resurrections: a spiritual and a bodily resurrection. The Bible explains and shows this clearly and definitively stated:
For the Lord himself, in an order, the voice of the archangel and with the sound of the trumpet of God shall descend from heaven. And the dead in Christ shall rise first
(1 Thess 4, 16)
Paul then speaks of the dead in Christ and resurrected in Christ is ultimately the same thing, who died in Christ is risen Christ because Christ is historically dead and historically risen. The dead in Christ shall rise: What can that mean if not in the future there will be a great event in which those who have canceled their IO and who have set their lives upon the rock of Christ, namely, that died and resurrected in Christ, really and bodily resurrected?
Reading the Bible is important. More importantly, read well and whole.
5. The diagnosis proved to be reconciled with Christianity?
Gnosis is the path of personal research that does not stop at the "hearsay", but wants to experience at first hand, wants to know. Unfortunately, the Gnostic movements in history have always been proposed as alternative and unique way to the Father, as opposed to revelation. Replace the concepts search key to the revelation, understanding, faith, knowledge, social engagement. In doing so, the diagnosis becomes a field that instead of freeing the man in his increasingly harnesses because I replace purely human concepts as it has been revealed by God himself.
The Rosicrucians, for example, in their conferences require a certain amount of faith that they call "openness." Having faith would have a certain amount of openness, not to be too suspicious. Whose God? No, it is understood, wary of them and in their doctrines. But this is precisely the concept of faith that requires us and offers us the Bible?
Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
(Heb 11, 1)
Faith is a foundation. It is the foundation of our hope. You can not hope they have not experienced the love of God, otherwise we fall into fideism, irrationalism and nell'ingenuità. Faith is evidence. Faith makes present what is unseen, that which can not be physically touched, such as thought, but that is also present and real. Faith is therefore for Christians a new sensibility, a way that puts us in touch with spiritual realities.
Again
For by grace are ye saved through faith and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God
(Ephesians 2:8)
Faith is the means by which man has provided for salvation. Trusting God, I entrust my life working a shift, depriving my IO is the only way to achieve eternal life. Faith, therefore, as a means of salvation. Since
in Christ Jesus neither circumcision counts or not circumcision, but faith working through love
(Gal 5:6)
When we are being renewed in Christ only one thing counts: the active faith. True faith leads to love, goes to the office. Are not you quit you, in your room, but also opens you to the world, with a force never heard it before, it makes you hard-working, active and not amorphous. Faith is not a body of knowledge or a cult, but a vital relationship with God and revitalizing source of love, life and justice. It is this relationship that we grow, we grow as Christians and that we walk, we walk forever.
Therefore faith is not just 'a bit of openness "toward human doctrines. Rosicrucian in the diagnosis does not make sense to attribute more value to faith, since the only active agent is you, at most, the power of the Spirit "helps", but help is not the essence.
6. Jesus Christ is only one force?
The Rosicrucians claim that Christ would be "a force" that would be manifested in human form in history in the person of Jesus of Nazareth.
"We can say that Christ was sent by the universal brotherhood in our field of life, not as a sublime master, but as a sovraterrestre, a potential permanent force and Light. To fulfill its task as being down to Earth human. Once spent in the womb of Mary throughout the process that precedes the birth land, he woke up as Jesus of Nazareth in the world of space and time and thus joined fully in our fallen humanity and linking it to the divine order. "
What can I say? It remains crippled. God has been replaced by the "universal brotherhood". Jesus would be a force appeared in human form. According to the Rosicrucians, Jesus has conquered sin, but has "reconnected our fallen humanity to the divine order." Are no other ways of saying the same thing. There are other ways to say things, that falsehood masquerading as theology learned. Jesus would become a kind of extra-terrestrial, a superhuman whose humanity, which profoundly man is debased and be canceled. Another thing revealed Christian theology in which Christ is true God and true man, not half God, half man, not only the divine light, not only human master, not only God, not man, but at the same time and fully God and at the same time and fully human with all human attributes except sin.
He was tempted like us in everything, without committing sin.
(Hebrews 4:15)
may be tempted or tested in a force?
Jesus was never just a force, but "someone" to share their journey of inner renewal, like the disciples on the road to Emmaus:
That same day, two of them were going to a village about seven miles from Jerusalem called Emmaus, and talking about everything that had happened.
While they were talking and discussing, Jesus himself drew near and went with them.
But their eyes were kept from recognizing him. He said to them: "What is this conversation that you are doing together as you walk along?". They stood still, looking sad; one of them, named Cleopas, asked him: "Are you the only stranger in Jerusalem who does not know what is happening these days?".
asked: "What?". They answered: "Everything about Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people, how our chief priests and our rulers handed him over to be sentenced to death and crucified him . We were hoping it was going to redeem Israel, with all that is now the third day since these things have happened. But some of our women amazed us, who arrived in the morning to the tomb and did not find his body, they came to tell us they had seen a vision of angels, who said he was alive. Some of our friends went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but he did not see. "
And he said unto them, O foolish and slow of heart to believe all the prophets have spoken! Not necessary that the Christ should suffer and enter into his glory? ". And beginning with Moses and the prophets he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.
As they approached the village where they were going, he acted as if he were going farther. But they insisted: "Stay with us because it is evening and the day is almost over." He went in to stay with them. When he was at table with them, he took bread, said the blessing, broke it and gave it to them. Their eyes were opened and they recognized him. But he vanished from their sight. And they said one to another: "There is perhaps his heart was burning in the chest while he talked with us on the road, when the scriptures to us?".
(Luke 24:13-32)
In this beautiful song even after the resurrection of Jesus Christ himself only as a force. Jesus appears with a transfigured body, a body that can only be established through the eyes of faith, but still a body. Jesus returns to the road, walking with his disciples. Eat with them. Strength is something passive, something that works to the extent that I myself take it. Al Instead, God is a one-person, someone who has the ability to make self-conscious to the extent that I have a relationship with him, I leave to the extent appropriate.
Jesus as God presented to us? As a force? How light? No, as Father. Father is nothing if not a title report. It does not say its essence, says he wants to be in relationship with me as a father with his son. The Gospels speak of Jesus as "light" was coming into the world the true light that enlightens every man "(Jn 1:9).
Again Jesus spoke to them: "I am the light of the world whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life."
(Jn 8:12). When Jesus
comes to light, referring to himself does not mean that he is a light. It is a way of speaking figuratively: Jesus explains what will soon, that is to say that anyone who bases his life on his word, who focuses on the Christ will not walk in uncertainty and anguish. In the dark you bang, you risk getting hurt. The light reveals the danger, the light shows things as they are. In the darkness takes all illusion body. Light is consciousness and awareness. And this is the result of the vital relationship that binds us to Christ, if we follow him: but you must follow Jesus, not your way, you must have patience and confidence to follow without a deposit. With calm and serenity. That's why Jesus is the light of the world. But that does not mean that the essence of Christ is the light, so that Christ is only one force, as divine.
In his earthly life Jesus Christ cried over the death of Lazarus. He arrived in moments of intense suffering in Gethsemane, before being captured. He lived with the apostles as a teacher and as a man, all the way, except sin. He lived a clean life, crystal clear air.
Even after his resurrection Jesus Christ as a man, transfigured, but man, who speaks with the apostles, encourages them, around them, eats with them. Why? Why was not a force, but a someone. While
that God is the Unknowable, the index, the more true as we can tell him only what he himself has revealed to us through Sacred Scripture. And the Church has always recognized the true God and true man with the words can not express fully and rationally his being. But the Bible is as clear as ever: there is no Christic force, there is Jesus Christ who was Jesus before and after his earthly life. And it was before and after Christ, always.
http://camcris.altervista.org/rosacroce.html
Rosicrucian: Questions and Answers
CONTENTS Introduction
It is possible to reconcile the Bible and reincarnation?
You can add details about salvation outside of God's Word?
Jesus and Buddha are the same thing?
The Bible is a book token?
Gnosticism is incompatible with Christianity revealed?
Christ is only one force?
Introduction
Like Branham, the School of Unity and astrology, as the Rosicrucians are not an organized religion, are quite similar to a Masonic fraternal community. Writers oldest trace the movement of ancient Egypt, and just to Thutmose III, who lived in the fifteenth century (1489) bC Other historians trace the origins of this brotherhood to a man, it is unknown whether legendary or actually experienced, called Christian Rosenkreuz. It is ten times that he lived in the fourteenth or fifteenth century AD
Today, two main groups claim to represent the ancient teachings rossocrociani: a group is the Communion of rossocrociani, the other group is called Ancient Mystic Order of the Rosy Cross. The latter group insists especially on their originality and authenticity.
Why are they called "Rosicrucian" or "the Rose-cross"? The mystical symbol of this group is a cross made up of men with arms outstretched, on which is drawn a rose as a symbol of chastity and purity. Around the symbol is written: "On your cross the roses bloom," which will probably be a wish for a perfect growing. What
believe Crocean pink? It is difficult to get a clear picture of their doctrines and their beliefs, since these are reserved for members of the group, are secrets of the brotherhood and should not go outside of it. This secret knowledge is promised to the members of the brotherhood, will lead to incredible breakthroughs and full self-control.
This, however, views often parallel those of theosophy, including the theory of reincarnation. Some excerpts from a booklet titled Am I My Brother's Keeper? tell us something of the spirit and purpose of this movement: "This is the mystical path to happiness, success and peace is really deep ... the secret key to material progress and joy on earth, as well as for happiness spiritual or mystical within the universal consciousness "(p. 7). "Free to be believed and sectarian dogmatism, tolerant and benevolent, the Rosicrucian Order, which does not have any redeeming the world anticipates no savior except God himself in man, it opens all its doors and invites all those who are in 'ignorance and are still trying, to engage retreats to the comforting knowledge that lead to mystical and reclaimed the street "(p. 9).
Assessing the Rosicrucian movement? A clear and well-known passage of Scripture, John 3:16, shows clearly to those who base their beliefs on the Bible, that the only requirement for eternal life is faith. The biblical faith means personal commitment, not the discovery of a secret, which is why, once again, Galatians 1:8,9 is the appropriate step. Paul pronounced a curse on anyone who proclaims a message other than what God has revealed to him, the gospel of Jesus Christ.
1. It is possible to reconcile the Bible and reincarnation?
(for more exploration see this page)
Answers to common questions:
A chance to start over: "A human being who had his whole life or part of that has worn must be able to recover in a 'other existence. He shall enjoy the benefits of remedial examination ... "
RESPONSE - The Christian truth is divided into two statements:
1. Always be ready. This life is no joke. Our death is the final encounter with the God of Life to which we must always be ready. Jesus tells the parable of the wise virgins and foolish virgins who had not prepared for the return of the Lord and that was the last moment go to buy oil for their lamps. But on their return they found the door permanently closed. We will have no vetting of reparation "in front of the Lord. The Lord takes seriously our actions, our hearts. We must learn to spend well the days we spend on this earth, because we have a second chance.
2. Time is relative: "For the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day" (2 Peter 3:8). The God of the Bible sometimes likes to make fun of the time when it comes to her children in body or soul. It is the story of the thief on the cross repaired all the errors of his life in a few moments before he died. But life is no joke and the last "yes" or "no" to the Truth is prepared for all the free acts of our lives and summarizes them all. Moreover, if our lives would end on this earth, then any inequality in the birth would be an injustice, a deception. While Christians are called to fight the forms of injustice and this is the preparation of the Kingdom, on the other are called to overcome all forms of materialism: man is not made of one flesh, man is not made for exhausted in the matter, but he feels an indescribable desire to go further, beyond what you can measure, touch, see. "Because you see, you have believed, Thomas. Blessed are those who believe, never seeing." Our
be aspires to go further. We were not born to live on this earth. But our life goes on, transformed. So no divine injustice, if a person spends 100 years, while another only 10.
The origin of the soul of infants, "according to Plato, the number of souls is fixed and unchangeable. They can not be created from nothing, but always pre-exist at birth of infants. So the souls of the living can not be that from the dead. "
RESPONSE - The Christian vision of the soul does not refer to Plato. God is the Creator, forever, and he continues to create new souls for bodies just conceived by man and other creatures. However, the book of Genesis shows us a world of difference between the human soul, the seat of rationality, feelings, and the animal: the human soul is immortal because the living image of God. In addition, the primordial man, it says, is not satisfied by the presence of animals around him: a sign of the profound difference that separates it from the rest of creation. This does not mean that man can and must live by the "brother" with all creation, not as master, but as a pro-creator, which brings forward that the creative work of God
If the souls were always present the same how do you explain the huge increase in world population? Where were those souls?
natural inequalities "If Mozart composed music for five years so elaborate, obviously must have already sketched out in previous lives, "they think the followers of reincarnation." Why a mongoloid child was born while her twin brother is gifted? Obviously, the first must be purified by past sins, while the latter enjoys the benefits of its commitment to the past. Every action produces its effect sooner or later, good or bad: in Hinduism this cosmic law of cause and effect relationship and pay nearly mechanics of our actions is called karma. "
ANSWER - The first biblical answer to the karmic vision of inequalities is natural in a sublimation of human rationality: "God's ways are not your ways" (Isaiah 55:8). Disabled people, without health, can be equipped with an exceptionally heart capable of love. This is not necessarily the past sins of people dried up. Moreover, the natural inequalities are the simple result of the variety in nature. As the flowers are all different, so it is with human beings: it is not necessary to disturb the law of karma to explain the natural inequalities.
The experience of awakening from coma "after the experience of some of the awakened coma are inclined to believe in reincarnation, no longer conceive of death as annihilation, but as a rebirth, dying can be reborn to learn a new more peaceful life. "
RESPONSE - The coma is not an experience death, so that experience is not in itself conclusive. On the contrary, Christians have the historical proof of the Resurrection of Christ. Many witnesses saw him, they could testify in the presence of physical persecution, were able to testify even when everything seemed to be over. And they did. Because they had seen.
Some biblical passages: a character in the Bible can be led to assume the role of someone who preceded it. For example, Elisha was another Elijah. Similarly, as a precursor of the Messiah, was expecting a second Elijah. In fact, the angel announces to Zechariah that his son "to go before the strength and spirit of Elijah" (Lk 1:17). This continuity in the mission in no way implies an identity between the two beings.
more reason Jesus could not be a reincarnation of John the Baptist, as his contemporary! But a man like superstitious Herod could look into the supernatural power that Jesus of Nazareth seemed to have an extension of the power they already enjoyed the Baptist. Jesus or his apostles ever utter a word that is even slightly closer to the belief of reincarnation.
When the apostles suggest as an explanation of the blindness of a blind from birth is a sin that could be ascribed to him, this is not necessarily proof that they thought a wrong committed in existence earlier. They could simply think that this illness was due, as taught by rabbis of the time, a wrong committed by the child during her pregnancy.
Jesus on the other hand rejects any link between the disease and any sin. He never mentioned a possible cause-effect relationship between the misfortunes of men and a spot contract in a previous life. Jesus does not direct our steps toward the past, but towards the future. What really matters is to be ready for the coming of "He who comes like a thief" (Mt 24.43).
Further contrasts
1. We are a triunities. Reincarnation implies also a concept that seems obvious, but that's not all: the body would only a shell. Paul says that each of us is "spirit, soul and body" (1 Thessalonians 5:23). We are not only the soul, but we are also spirit and body. We are a "tri-unity." So we are not simply a soul that migrates from one body to another.
2. Salvation by faith and not by works. The doctrine of reincarnation is that of course leverage karma: the fate of our existence depends on our actions. As if at the end of our lives, we were put on the scales of good and evil we have committed, then we will have a better fate if the balance tips toward the good, on the contrary we will have a worse fate.
As this doctrine of "meritocracy" is entered the blood of Christians, there is nothing biblical about this.
In his letters Paul states categorically and emphatically that man's salvation is God's gift, free gift. That is, in other words, man is saved by grace. How a man can take possession of this saving work? With its own merits? No, dear friends. With the merits of the death and resurrection of Christ, by faith. Faith in Christ is our means of salvation.
For by grace are ye saved through faith and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast.
(Ephesians 2:8-9)
The man is justified by faith apart from works of law.
(Rom 3:28)
For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.
(Jn 3:16)
Salvation is by faith in Christ and has not by our works. The Word of God is as clear as day. To those who think that he should merit salvation by works and who think that salvation by faith excludes any value to the works, note that the works are a result of the love of a being renewed, freed from the bondage of sin and the IO , free from death. They are not the works that make us deserving of eternal life, but it is the same new life that produces in us works renovated.
You take the riches of his kindness, his tolerance, his patience, not knowing that the goodness of God leads you to repentance?
(Rom 2:4).
It is not our work, our conversion, which makes us deserve the love of God, but God's love works in us conversion.
2. You can add details about the Salvation Army that are not already included in the Word of God?
One thing that impresses when you attend the meetings of the Rosicrucians is the presence of posters which show diagrams and pictures that serve to explain the mysteries of salvation and spiritual development of man. This is not so surprising that the presence of posters, as the wealth of detail added to and clarified with absolute certainty and without any uncertainty that always are presented to the candidates "seekers."
What does the Bible say about it? With the Book of Revelation, the Church has considered concluded all the truths revealed to man for his salvation. The Church was aware of the difference between what is God's Word and what is human speech, including a holy revelation for all times and all generations and a personal word to the limited historical context. The early Christians have strongly felt that with the Apocalypse of the assets of all that was necessary for eternal life was complete. Not that the Word of God to explain everything in detail, but reveals just enough to reach eternal life.
The Bible itself says
From childhood, you know the holy scriptures: they may instruct you for salvation, which is obtained through faith in Jesus Christ All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof , correcting and training in righteousness, that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
(2 Tim 3:15-16)
Jesus did many other signs in the presence of his disciples, but they are not written in this book. But these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God and that believing you may have life in his name.
(Jn 20, 30-31)
The Scriptures therefore have a duty to teach us and lead us to salvation is obtained through faith in Christ. John himself testifies that not everything Jesus did and said what was reported, but what is written is aimed at saving faith, to "believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God and that believing you may have life in his name. Obviously, nothing is missing and nothing has been concealed what is necessary for our salvation.
do not need to insist too much: the Word of God is clear, reassuring and thorough in this regard. Nothing is overlooked that could be necessary to eternal life, God would not have allowed.
Those who add their own words to the Word of God and make it a necessity for believers, not just make a pure theological speculation, making the Bible a joke, but also carry a disgrace towards those who believe abuse of their good faith and thereby charging unnecessary burdens on them and in doing so draw upon himself the curse of the Apocalypse:
declare to everyone who hears the prophetic words of this book to those who add something, God will make him the plagues described in this book; and who will remove a few words of this prophetic book, God will deprive the tree of life and the city holy, as described in this book.
(Rev. 22, 18-19)
3. Jesus and Buddha are the same thing?
The Rosicrucians claim to find irrefutable truth in all religions, indeed to be more precise: all would be true.
The 'light' experienced by Buddha is reduced to the belief that the world is evil, which is a source of evil and suffering to humans. To get rid of this evil we must free ourselves from the world, we must break the bonds that exist in our human constitution, in our psyche and our body. The more we free ourselves from these bonds, the more we become indifferent to what is in the world, the more we free ourselves from suffering, that which comes from evil from the world.
We approach God in this way? In the "light" sent by Buddha does not speak of this. Buddhism is an atheistic system significantly. In Buddhism, does not free us from evil through the good that comes from God, we get rid of only through detachment from the world, which is bad. The fullness of this detachment is not union with God, but the so-called nirvana or a state of perfect indifference to the world. Save to say first of all get rid of evil, making the forces indifferent to the world that is the source of evil. In this culmination of the spiritual process.
But Christ does not propose a mere ascetic detachment from the world. Proposes the separation from world to join What is outside of the world: and this is not Nirvana, but a personal God. The union with Him is not realized only in the way of purification, but through God's love, obedience, faith.
A separate issue is the return of ancient gnostic ideas in the form of so-called New Age. There can be no illusion that this will lead to a renewal of religion. It's just a new way of practicing gnosticism, that attitude of mind which in the name of a so-called "deep knowledge" of God, results in distorting His Word and replacing it with purely human words. Gnosticism never completely abandoned the realm of Christianity, but has always lived with it, sometimes in the form of a philosophical movement, but more often religious and para in distinct, if not declared, conflict with what is essentially Christian.
4. The Bible is a book token?
"For these things the Jews seized me in the temple and tried to kill me. But God's help I have seen to this day, and I can still bear witness to the humble and great. Nothing except what I say Moses and the prophets declared that it had to happen, namely, that Christ would die, and that the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to the people and the Gentiles. "
While he said these things in his defense, Festus said aloud: "Paul, you are raving, the great learning puts you out of her mind."
But Paul said, "Not mad, most noble Festus, but utter words of truth and good sense."
(Acts 26, 21-25)
So Paul has also risked their lives to speak of the resurrection. Paul even says, "I say nothing except that [...] would die and that Christ, the first to rise from the dead [...]".
Nothing! There seems to be a symbolic language? Paul could explain to his persecutors and tell them that it was a simple way of saying that Jesus had in a sense, won himself. It would have been a more normal speech and his persecutors would have understood.
Again
And when everything has been subjected, he, the Son, will be subjected to the One who subjected all things, that God may be all in all. Otherwise, what would those who are baptized for the dead? If indeed the dead are not raised, because they are baptized for them?
(1 Cor 15, 29)
If only for humane reasons I had fought against the wild beasts at Ephesus, what I use? If the dead are not raised, eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.
(1 Cor 15, 32)
is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon and another glory of the stars, each star in fact differs from another in glory. So even the resurrection of the dead is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable; is sown in dishonor, raised in glory, is sown in weakness, raised in power; is sown a natural body, raised a spiritual body.
(1 Cor 15, 41-44)
Are they symbolic statements? However, it is also true that Jesus Christ spoke of a resurrection within that happens here on earth, which can happen now, because it is time for humanity is dead because of sin, and lives in the sense of loss, inability to move beyond the illusions, to go beyond oneself, the inability to love the way down.
you have been raised with Christ, seek the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God
(Colossians 3:1)
There are therefore two resurrections: a spiritual and a bodily resurrection. The Bible explains and shows this clearly and definitively stated:
For the Lord himself, in an order, the voice of the archangel and with the sound of the trumpet of God shall descend from heaven. And the dead in Christ shall rise first
(1 Thess 4, 16)
Paul then speaks of the dead in Christ and resurrected in Christ is ultimately the same thing, who died in Christ is risen Christ because Christ is historically dead and historically risen. The dead in Christ shall rise: What can that mean if not in the future there will be a great event in which those who have canceled their IO and who have set their lives upon the rock of Christ, namely, that died and resurrected in Christ, really and bodily resurrected?
Reading the Bible is important. More importantly, read well and whole.
5. The diagnosis proved to be reconciled with Christianity?
Gnosis is the path of personal research that does not stop at the "hearsay", but wants to experience at first hand, wants to know. Unfortunately, the Gnostic movements in history have always been proposed as alternative and unique way to the Father, as opposed to revelation. Replace the concepts search key to the revelation, understanding, faith, knowledge, social engagement. In doing so, the diagnosis becomes a field that instead of freeing the man in his increasingly harnesses because I replace purely human concepts as it has been revealed by God himself.
The Rosicrucians, for example, in their conferences require a certain amount of faith that they call "openness." Having faith would have a certain amount of openness, not to be too suspicious. Whose God? No, it is understood, wary of them and in their doctrines. But this is precisely the concept of faith that requires us and offers us the Bible?
Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
(Heb 11, 1)
Faith is a foundation. It is the foundation of our hope. You can not hope they have not experienced the love of God, otherwise we fall into fideism, irrationalism and nell'ingenuità. Faith is evidence. Faith makes present what is unseen, that which can not be physically touched, such as thought, but that is also present and real. Faith is therefore for Christians a new sensibility, a way that puts us in touch with spiritual realities.
Again
For by grace are ye saved through faith and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God
(Ephesians 2:8)
Faith is the means by which man has provided for salvation. Trusting God, I entrust my life working a shift, depriving my IO is the only way to achieve eternal life. Faith, therefore, as a means of salvation. Since
in Christ Jesus neither circumcision counts or not circumcision, but faith working through love
(Gal 5:6)
When we are being renewed in Christ only one thing counts: the active faith. True faith leads to love, goes to the office. Are not you quit you, in your room, but also opens you to the world, with a force never heard it before, it makes you hard-working, active and not amorphous. Faith is not a body of knowledge or a cult, but a vital relationship with God and revitalizing source of love, life and justice. It is this relationship that we grow, we grow as Christians and that we walk, we walk forever.
Therefore faith is not just 'a bit of openness "toward human doctrines. Rosicrucian in the diagnosis does not make sense to attribute more value to faith, since the only active agent is you, at most, the power of the Spirit "helps", but help is not the essence.
6. Jesus Christ is only one force?
The Rosicrucians claim that Christ would be "a force" that would be manifested in human form in history in the person of Jesus of Nazareth.
"We can say that Christ was sent by the universal brotherhood in our field of life, not as a sublime master, but as a sovraterrestre, a potential permanent force and Light. To fulfill its task as being down to Earth human. Once spent in the womb of Mary throughout the process that precedes the birth land, he woke up as Jesus of Nazareth in the world of space and time and thus joined fully in our fallen humanity and linking it to the divine order. "
What can I say? It remains crippled. God has been replaced by the "universal brotherhood". Jesus would be a force appeared in human form. According to the Rosicrucians, Jesus has conquered sin, but has "reconnected our fallen humanity to the divine order." Are no other ways of saying the same thing. There are other ways to say things, that falsehood masquerading as theology learned. Jesus would become a kind of extra-terrestrial, a superhuman whose humanity, which profoundly man is debased and be canceled. Another thing revealed Christian theology in which Christ is true God and true man, not half God, half man, not only the divine light, not only human master, not only God, not man, but at the same time and fully God and at the same time and fully human with all human attributes except sin.
He was tempted like us in everything, without committing sin.
(Hebrews 4:15)
may be tempted or tested in a force?
Jesus was never just a force, but "someone" to share their journey of inner renewal, like the disciples on the road to Emmaus:
That same day, two of them were going to a village about seven miles from Jerusalem called Emmaus, and talking about everything that had happened.
While they were talking and discussing, Jesus himself drew near and went with them.
But their eyes were kept from recognizing him. He said to them: "What is this conversation that you are doing together as you walk along?". They stood still, looking sad; one of them, named Cleopas, asked him: "Are you the only stranger in Jerusalem who does not know what is happening these days?".
asked: "What?". They answered: "Everything about Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people, how our chief priests and our rulers handed him over to be sentenced to death and crucified him . We were hoping it was going to redeem Israel, with all that is now the third day since these things have happened. But some of our women amazed us, who arrived in the morning to the tomb and did not find his body, they came to tell us they had seen a vision of angels, who said he was alive. Some of our friends went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but he did not see. "
And he said unto them, O foolish and slow of heart to believe all the prophets have spoken! Not necessary that the Christ should suffer and enter into his glory? ". And beginning with Moses and the prophets he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.
As they approached the village where they were going, he acted as if he were going farther. But they insisted: "Stay with us because it is evening and the day is almost over." He went in to stay with them. When he was at table with them, he took bread, said the blessing, broke it and gave it to them. Their eyes were opened and they recognized him. But he vanished from their sight. And they said one to another: "There is perhaps his heart was burning in the chest while he talked with us on the road, when the scriptures to us?".
(Luke 24:13-32)
In this beautiful song even after the resurrection of Jesus Christ himself only as a force. Jesus appears with a transfigured body, a body that can only be established through the eyes of faith, but still a body. Jesus returns to the road, walking with his disciples. Eat with them. Strength is something passive, something that works to the extent that I myself take it. Al Instead, God is a one-person, someone who has the ability to make self-conscious to the extent that I have a relationship with him, I leave to the extent appropriate.
Jesus as God presented to us? As a force? How light? No, as Father. Father is nothing if not a title report. It does not say its essence, says he wants to be in relationship with me as a father with his son. The Gospels speak of Jesus as "light" was coming into the world the true light that enlightens every man "(Jn 1:9).
Again Jesus spoke to them: "I am the light of the world whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life."
(Jn 8:12). When Jesus
comes to light, referring to himself does not mean that he is a light. It is a way of speaking figuratively: Jesus explains what will soon, that is to say that anyone who bases his life on his word, who focuses on the Christ will not walk in uncertainty and anguish. In the dark you bang, you risk getting hurt. The light reveals the danger, the light shows things as they are. In the darkness takes all illusion body. Light is consciousness and awareness. And this is the result of the vital relationship that binds us to Christ, if we follow him: but you must follow Jesus, not your way, you must have patience and confidence to follow without a deposit. With calm and serenity. That's why Jesus is the light of the world. But that does not mean that the essence of Christ is the light, so that Christ is only one force, as divine.
In his earthly life Jesus Christ cried over the death of Lazarus. He arrived in moments of intense suffering in Gethsemane, before being captured. He lived with the apostles as a teacher and as a man, all the way, except sin. He lived a clean life, crystal clear air.
Even after his resurrection Jesus Christ as a man, transfigured, but man, who speaks with the apostles, encourages them, around them, eats with them. Why? Why was not a force, but a someone. While
that God is the Unknowable, the index, the more true as we can tell him only what he himself has revealed to us through Sacred Scripture. And the Church has always recognized the true God and true man with the words can not express fully and rationally his being. But the Bible is as clear as ever: there is no Christic force, there is Jesus Christ who was Jesus before and after his earthly life. And it was before and after Christ, always.
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Rash And Hypothyroidism
BOOKS
What are apocryphal books - history - Authenticity - doctrines - errors
HISTORY OF
Apocryphal Books The Apocryphal books (from apokryphos, greek word meaning "hidden") called Deuterocanonical were written during the 400 years of silence between the book of Malachi and the announcement of the birth of John the Baptist (news about other apocryphal books, such as the Gnostic gospels, are available on this page).
The Hebrew canon, or Palestinian, was established in the late fifth century BC, at the time of Ezra and Nehemiah. From the time of closing of the canon to Christ there were prophets, and writings inspired by God even refers to this Jesus in Matthew 23:35, alluding to the killing of all upright men, who were persecuted, from Abel to Zacharias, whose book was the last of the Hebrew canon used by him.
Regarding the Old Testament canon, we should definitely stick to the one established by Israel, as it is to them that God revealed his will and led them in the truth through the prophets. Confirmation For the Apostle: "So what is the advantage of the Jew? ... Great for every way: first of all, because they were entrusted the oracles of God" (Romans 3:1-2).
Jesus himself quoted the threefold division of the Palestinian canon, that does not include any apocryphal book: "These are the things I told you when I was still with you that it was necessary that all the things written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms were fulfilled "(Luke 24:44).
addition to the Old Testament Apocrypha There are many apocryphal New Testament. Examples are the Gospels of the birth and childhood, whose pages are full of scenes in which Jesus was still a child does for fun picturesque miracles, or the Apocryphon of John, which reads Jesus makes that even our first parents to sin and disobey God, and many others. There is evidence (see also this study) that it is historically false, which often drew on their own to the canonical Gospels. Many people, Unfortunately, they love hearing about secret texts, hidden messages, alleged conspiracies, and uncritically accept the Apocrypha because different and "intriguing."
"For the time will not endure sound doctrine but, having itching ears, they look for teachers in large numbers according to their own desires, and will turn away their ears from the truth and turn aside to myths." (2 Timothy 4:3-4)
THE FEE: WHAT IS CHRISTIAN OR CATHOLIC?
first centuries of the Christian Church never quitted from the Hebrew canon of the Old Testament and also rejected the Apocrypha of the New Testament. For the first four centuries of the Christian era, in fact, they were never accepted as inspired.
Despite this, the Roman Catholic Church refers to the so-called canon "Alexandrian" or "Catholic", which adds to the Bible the following 12 apocryphal books:
- Tobia;
- Judith;
- Wisdom of Solomon;
- Sirach or Ecclesiasticus (or Wisdom of Jesus son of Sirach);
- Baruch;
- Epistle of Jeremiah (often included at the end of Baruch);
- additions to the Book of Esther (the dream of Mordecai ");
- three additions to the Book of Daniel ("Song of the three young men," "Susanna and the old," "Bel and the Dragon");
- the books 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees.
The Catholic church calls them Deuterocanonical books, which added to the canon of the Bible (the canon is the set of books recognized as sacred and authentic from the early Christian church).
These writings are clearly not inspired: in them, as we will see, there are legends, blatant historical inaccuracies (as all the historical part of the Old Testament was always promptly confirmed by archaeological research), and serious contradictions with the 'teaching of the inspired books.
As an example is the conclusion of the Second Book of Maccabees: "I wanted to offer exposure to the orderly and well-made events. If it is left imperfect, and only mediocre, it means say I was not able to do better "(15:38). So he would never express a man conscious of having written by the Holy Spirit of God
Alexandrian canon is authentic?
But is it really never been a canon of Alexandria?
Science Bible, now finally on the Catholic side, he abandoned the idea that among the Jews there were in force two fees, a "Palestinian" and an "Alexandrian" distinguished and how quanche antagonism, as there is no evidence that it can be said.
antogonismo This, for some time it was alleged, in particular by the proponents of "long-fee" to justify the inclusion of the Deuterocanonical within of the Catholic canon, but today is a situation completely abandoned.
In any case, it was almost unanimous belief among the Christian writers of the early centuries, the texts are not included in the Palestinian canon should not be used for public reading or doctrinal disputes (the thought that Jerome, Melito of Sardis Tertullian , Hilary, Rufinus, Athanasius and Origen, whose works cover the period from the second to the sixth century AD).
should not also forget to mention that a song does not make sense to give the canonical text which has been mentioned. The New Testament writers themselves, for the purpose of building, made extensive use of quotations from texts even Gentiles: Paul quotes from "Phenomena" of the poet-philosopher Aratus (Acts 17:28), from "Thais" of the poet Menander (1 Corinthians 15:33) and perhaps the philosopher Epimenides (Titus 1:12), and no claim that these writers were pagans "inspired" by God and their production deserves to be introduced in the New Testament canon!
what about playlists of apocryphal texts do not "Deuterocanonical", quoted by New Testament writers, as is the case of the Book of Enoch and the Assumption of Moses, quoted in the Epistle of Jude?
According to Catholic theologians, the so-called canon of Alexandria would be documented by the Greek translation of the Old Testament called the Septuagint (LXX or Septuagint), but the manuscripts that contain version of this document is considerable uncertainty about what was to be accepted as canon. The code called
Vatican (categorized by the letter B), lacks 1 and 2 Maccabees, and includes 1 Esdras (which even Catholics consider canonical), the code that Sinaiticus (cataloged with the Hebrew letter "aleph") includes Judith , Tobit, 1 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees (not considered canonical by Catholics). The code says Alexandria (cataloged with the letter A) includes 1 Esdras, 3 and 4 Maccabees (which Catholics consider non-canonical).
There are texts of the Septuagint prior to the fourth century AD, that the evidence in our possession of this version are back to their compilation of 600 years! It may well be that the texts of the Old Testament Apocrypha were added to this version in the Christian era.
appears very likely that there never was a canon of Alexandria, Alexandrian Jews themselves and not rely on it, just think that the philosopher Philo of Alexandria jew who lived between the first century BC and first century AD, never uses the its the apocryphal writings. The only legitimate
fee is the one containing the 39 books of the Old Testament, namely the Palestinian Authority.
BRIEF ANALYSIS OF MAJOR Apocryphal Books
Both books apocryphal additions were officially considered by the Roman Catholic Church "writing inspired by God" only in 1546, with Council of Trent. This council reaffirmed, in essence, what the Council of Carthage had held 4 centuries after Christ, or that the Apocrypha was considered part of Scripture, yet the fee had been determined from the first century, and did not include the Apocrypha (for further information, see the fee). Were declared canonical primarily to substantiate the false doctrine of purgatory.
Before that date, including several popes had declared them non-canonical (Gregory the Great and Leo X), not to mention that the early Christians (and the "fathers" Gregory Nazianzen, Athanasius, Hilary of Poitiers, Cyril of Jerusalem) will not recognize them never as the word of God we Christians
Evangelicals do not recognize the apocryphal books as the Word of God for the following reasons:
1) In them there are many contradictions (real, not apparent), false teachings and historical errors.
In the books of the Maccabees, the death of Judas Maccabeus is described in a Mac 9:18. He would die on the battlefield in the first month of the year 152. But 36 years after he died he wrote a letter to the Hebrews in Egypt (2 Mac 1:10). This is a first proof of the falsity of this book.
addition, the death of King Antiochus Epiphanes is told in three contrasting ways. The first time you get sick and die of sadness (1 Mac 6:8-16). The second time, died in Persia in the temple of Nurses in pieces priests (2 Mac 1:11-16). The third died returning from the regions of Persia, to Ecbatana, suffering from a incurable plague (2 Mac 9:5-29). It is clear that these are blatant lies, and yet this book is endorsed by the Roman Catholic Church to justify the belief in purgatory.
In the book of Judith it traces the history of this woman shortly after the return of the Jews from Babylonian captivity, and a step is said: "The children of Israel, who dwelt in Judea, who came to know what Holofernes, commander in chief of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Assyria, had done to those people, and how he had robbed their shrines and had them destroyed, they feared greatly to have it before and felt anxious about Jerusalem and the temple of the Lord their God, why had recently returned from slavery and it was recently re-unification of all the people of Judea, the purification of sacred vessels and the Temple, which had been desecrated " (Ed. 1971, Judith 4:1-3).
In these few words lies because there are different when the Jews returned from captivity in Judea did not exist Nebucodonosor the king, king of Babylon, because dead for several years, and kingdom of the Medes and Persians at that time reigning King Cyrus of Persia, which he was free to postpone the exiled Jews in Judea would return to build the temple of God
In the book of Esther (canon) is wrote about when Esther came after the fast to the king: "The king was seated on the royal throne in the royal house, facing the door of the house. And as the king had seen the Queen Esther standing in the courtyard, she earned His grace, and the King reached out to Esther the golden scepter in his hand, and Esther went up and touched the tip of the rod. Then the king said, What have you Queen Esther? that request? Even you asked half of the kingdom, you will be given "(Est 5:1-3).
Instead, in the apocryphal additions made in this book are written at about the same episode in these words: "Enter through the doors, stood before the king, who was seated on his throne, covered of all the trappings of his majesty, shining gold and precious stones: his appearance was imposing. Or, as soon as he had raised his head glistening with splendor, and launched a fierce look of anger, the Queen changed color, she fainted and leaned on the shoulder of the young lady who accompanied him "(Ed. Pauline. 1971, Esther 15:9 - 10).
As you can see, adding that a description of the book contrasts the authentic inspired, because the first is said Esther won the favor of the king and the second is said that the king gave him a look of anger at Esther and moreover, that she fainted.
In the book of Tobit, which is full of fairy tales, we find a lie that the writer is to say an angel of God named Rafael. First, we find that Tobias went in search of a practical man of the street, to accompany him in the media, and just gone out, and saw in front of Rafael, the angel, but he did not know that was an angel of God, then when Tobit, his father , asked him: "Brother, can you tell me what family and what tribe you are?", he answered: "I am Azariah, the son of the great Ananias, one of your brothers" (ibid., cf. Tobia 5: 4-13).
angels and saints of God are not lying when they start talking because they are the servants of God, who hates lying. If the angel named Rafael should have answered that his name was Rafael, how is it then lied and said Ananias to be?
Also in this book we find also the superstition taught nothing less than an angel of God! It is written in it that one night Tobias went down to the Tigris River to wash his feet, and suddenly a big fish jumped out of the water to devour the foot of the boy who cried. The angel then told him to grab the fish and trargli outside the gall, heart and liver which may be useful as drugs, and throw away the intestines. After that Tobias had roasted some of the fish and had eaten, we set off along the way and the young man asked the angel who was there can be drug into the heart and liver and gall of the fish. The angel then said to him: "How heart and liver of the fish, if they do get the smoke before a man or a woman, suffering from an attack by a demon or an evil spirit, it will cease all attacks against them and they will not trace any "(Tobit 6:8; Ed FSP 1990, 6th ed.).
But how can you accept a book that inspired the angels bring also to teach superstition?
The writer of the second book of Maccabees ends these words: "If the arrangement of the material was good, and as befits the story, is what I want. If he is mediocre and of little value, is what I have done "(ibid., 2 Maccabees 15:38). A writer inspired by God would not ever written of similar words because God can not apologize to anyone for not being able to do his best, and why in the writings inspired by everything and everything is good value because what it says is the Word of God
Also in this book there is a lie that is this: the writer says that the prophet Jeremiah went to the mountain where Moses went up to see the promised land and at this mountain in a cave hid the tabernacle and the ark and the altar of incense, and then he told some that the site would remain unknown until God would gather his people again because at that time God would reveal where these were sacred objects (cf. 2 Maccabees 2:1-8).
But things can not be true because in Jeremiah it is written that the ark of the covenant of not more than you would think when God would have them brought back to Zion it is written: "And I will bring you to Zion, and there give you shepherds after my own heart, who will feed you with knowledge and intelligence. And when you have multiplied and fruity in the country, then, says the Lord, no more say, 'The ark of the covenant of the LORD' There you will think more, do not mention it more, do not you regret most, if not it will another "(Jer. 3:14-16). As you can see this contradiction is to understand how this book can not be inspired by God
These are some of the many falsehoods and errors that exist in these books, and that makes us understand that the writers who wrote those things were not moved by the Holy Spirit.
In the books there are apocryphal stories that serve as the basis for some false doctrines in the Roman Catholic Church, such as purgatory and prayers for the dead.
For example, the Maccabees are the steps you speak of prayers for the dead and offered a sin offering for the dead (cf. 2 Maccabees 12:38-46), and prayers made by a priest who died and by the prophet Jeremiah ( dead, too) for the living on earth (cf. 2 Maccabees 15:11-16). Other similar falsehoods are
in Baruch 3:4, which states that God hears the prayers of the dead. By Tobias (verses 12:9 and 14:11), where it is taught salvation by works, contrary to the teachings of the Word of God (see Ephesians 2:8-9). In Wisdom is then taught the existence of the soul of the people before the creation of the body (to 8:19) and the creation of the world from pre-existing matter (11:17).
2) Neither Jesus Christ nor the apostles made no reference to these books apocryphal.
mentioning Jesus and his disciples for about 300 times the Old Testament from the Greek version, but never even mentioning a passage from the apocryphal books.
This shows that they were not considered by them the Word of God While there are a couple of allusions to works by poets of the time and an apocryphal book, it certainly does not serve to confirm them as the Word of God (see, for example, this brief study of the tradition). Nor can we accept as inspired only because they are also contained some truth. Satan knows how to cleverly mix falsehood with truth to make it acceptable to turn in the fake and the real lie.
3) The first Jews and later the Christians of the first centuries after Christ never recognized them as canonical.
Jews, who (let us not forget this) "were entrusted the oracles of God" (Romans 3:2) do not ever recognized as canonical those books and additions to Esther and Daniel, in fact, that is why in the Hebrew Bible (which contains only the books of the Covenant) they are absent. The early church denied the canonicity of these books, and in fact do not ever put them at the same level as sacred.
The fact that the translation of the Septuagint (LXX) was rejected by Jews because which contains the Apocrypha, and the fact that the Catholic magisterium considers them Deuterocanonical (added to the fee but lower) is very significant. This is not acceptable because the author of the book is inspired by God, and therefore a book or is inspired or not at all.
Josephus, Jewish-Roman historian of the first century AD, considered closed the canon of the Old Testament in the days of Artaxerxes, which at the time of Ezra. Here are his words:
"We only have 22 books illustrating the history of the period, books considered to be of divine origin.
Five of these belong to Moses and contain its laws and traditions of the origins of mankind until the time of death of Moses. After that, until the reign of Artaxerxes the prophets who succeeded Moses wrote the history of the Adventists that took place in their time in 13 books.
The remaining four books comprise hymns to God and precepts for the conduct in human life.
From the time of Artaxerxes to our own day, every event has been reported, but these recent documents were not deemed worthy of equal credit to those who preceded them, as it lacks the exact succession of prophets.
The practical test of the spirit with which we treat our Scriptures is that although it is now passed so much time, not a soul ventured to add or remove or alter a syllable, and is in the nature of each Jew, from the day of his birth, to consider these Scriptures as the teaching of God and to observe and, if it becomes necessary, to give with joy his life for them "(Commentary abbreviated Hallet, P.. 335).
John King James Version (1607) wrote about it:
"These books were by the Greeks appointed, Apocrypha, that is, occult and concealed part, because many of those who had hidden was the author: partly because they had no authority in the Church publica as dall'inspiratione immediately proceeding the Holy Spirit ... In these apocryphal style is clearly not be what the Holy Spirit, who spoke to them prophets and apostles, and there are many things contain false, contrary to the authentic truth of the literal word of God and the writers still do not s 'has no evidence that have been inspired by God, so that those in the other: Jewish and therefore the Church has never received them, as the word of God, or prophecy of Scripture ... "And since
the Roman Curia leans so much to so-called "ancient fathers" we note that there are many testimonies of some of the so-called "fathers" lived in the first centuries after Christ, who say that those books should not be considered canonical.
One of them, Jerome, held in great esteem by Catholics, said: "The Church sees in the Book of Tobit, Judith, Maccabees, of Baruch, Susanna, of Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, the anthem of the three young people and the tales of Belo and the Dragon, but it will not see them all on the list of authentic scriptures "(Jerome, Prologue to Graziano).
The Council of Trent, therefore, for recognizing the canonical apocryphal has also countered that Jerome is the author translation of the Latin Vulgate that the Council of Trent said having to be accepted as the only true among all versions.
4) Finally, what matters most is that the Holy Spirit, whom Jesus called the Spirit of truth, not stood for anything in us children of God that the Apocrypha are the Word of God because it makes us feel very clear that they should not be accepted.
The Lord's sheep know His voice and it can not be confused with another (see Isaiah 30:21, Thu. 10:27), and the voice with which to talk about these books is not that of the Shepherd of our souls .
The Lord himself makes his servants are able to discern whether He comes from a book or not, or whether it really contains his message. In this regard, we read the words of Jesus in John 10:3-4: "To him the doorkeeper opens, and the sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he put out all the his sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him because they know his voice. " Those who belong to God, recognize and understand if he is speaking, both "sound" of voice, and from the content of words.
CONCLUSION We conclude by quoting the following Scriptures which show that it is forbidden to remove anything that is added to the Word of God:
"Every word of God is perfected with fire ... Do not add to his words, he took thee not to return, and you will not be found a liar "(Prov. 30:5,6)
" not add to what I command you, and do not subtract from nothing .. "(Deuteronomy 4:2)
" I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: If anyone adds to these things, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, and if any takes words away from the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part of the tree of life and the holy city, things written in this book "(Revelation 22:18,19).
http:// camcris.altervista.org / apocrifi.html
What are apocryphal books - history - Authenticity - doctrines - errors
HISTORY OF
Apocryphal Books The Apocryphal books (from apokryphos, greek word meaning "hidden") called Deuterocanonical were written during the 400 years of silence between the book of Malachi and the announcement of the birth of John the Baptist (news about other apocryphal books, such as the Gnostic gospels, are available on this page).
The Hebrew canon, or Palestinian, was established in the late fifth century BC, at the time of Ezra and Nehemiah. From the time of closing of the canon to Christ there were prophets, and writings inspired by God even refers to this Jesus in Matthew 23:35, alluding to the killing of all upright men, who were persecuted, from Abel to Zacharias, whose book was the last of the Hebrew canon used by him.
Regarding the Old Testament canon, we should definitely stick to the one established by Israel, as it is to them that God revealed his will and led them in the truth through the prophets. Confirmation For the Apostle: "So what is the advantage of the Jew? ... Great for every way: first of all, because they were entrusted the oracles of God" (Romans 3:1-2).
Jesus himself quoted the threefold division of the Palestinian canon, that does not include any apocryphal book: "These are the things I told you when I was still with you that it was necessary that all the things written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms were fulfilled "(Luke 24:44).
addition to the Old Testament Apocrypha There are many apocryphal New Testament. Examples are the Gospels of the birth and childhood, whose pages are full of scenes in which Jesus was still a child does for fun picturesque miracles, or the Apocryphon of John, which reads Jesus makes that even our first parents to sin and disobey God, and many others. There is evidence (see also this study) that it is historically false, which often drew on their own to the canonical Gospels. Many people, Unfortunately, they love hearing about secret texts, hidden messages, alleged conspiracies, and uncritically accept the Apocrypha because different and "intriguing."
"For the time will not endure sound doctrine but, having itching ears, they look for teachers in large numbers according to their own desires, and will turn away their ears from the truth and turn aside to myths." (2 Timothy 4:3-4)
THE FEE: WHAT IS CHRISTIAN OR CATHOLIC?
first centuries of the Christian Church never quitted from the Hebrew canon of the Old Testament and also rejected the Apocrypha of the New Testament. For the first four centuries of the Christian era, in fact, they were never accepted as inspired.
Despite this, the Roman Catholic Church refers to the so-called canon "Alexandrian" or "Catholic", which adds to the Bible the following 12 apocryphal books:
- Tobia;
- Judith;
- Wisdom of Solomon;
- Sirach or Ecclesiasticus (or Wisdom of Jesus son of Sirach);
- Baruch;
- Epistle of Jeremiah (often included at the end of Baruch);
- additions to the Book of Esther (the dream of Mordecai ");
- three additions to the Book of Daniel ("Song of the three young men," "Susanna and the old," "Bel and the Dragon");
- the books 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees.
The Catholic church calls them Deuterocanonical books, which added to the canon of the Bible (the canon is the set of books recognized as sacred and authentic from the early Christian church).
These writings are clearly not inspired: in them, as we will see, there are legends, blatant historical inaccuracies (as all the historical part of the Old Testament was always promptly confirmed by archaeological research), and serious contradictions with the 'teaching of the inspired books.
As an example is the conclusion of the Second Book of Maccabees: "I wanted to offer exposure to the orderly and well-made events. If it is left imperfect, and only mediocre, it means say I was not able to do better "(15:38). So he would never express a man conscious of having written by the Holy Spirit of God
Alexandrian canon is authentic?
But is it really never been a canon of Alexandria?
Science Bible, now finally on the Catholic side, he abandoned the idea that among the Jews there were in force two fees, a "Palestinian" and an "Alexandrian" distinguished and how quanche antagonism, as there is no evidence that it can be said.
antogonismo This, for some time it was alleged, in particular by the proponents of "long-fee" to justify the inclusion of the Deuterocanonical within of the Catholic canon, but today is a situation completely abandoned.
In any case, it was almost unanimous belief among the Christian writers of the early centuries, the texts are not included in the Palestinian canon should not be used for public reading or doctrinal disputes (the thought that Jerome, Melito of Sardis Tertullian , Hilary, Rufinus, Athanasius and Origen, whose works cover the period from the second to the sixth century AD).
should not also forget to mention that a song does not make sense to give the canonical text which has been mentioned. The New Testament writers themselves, for the purpose of building, made extensive use of quotations from texts even Gentiles: Paul quotes from "Phenomena" of the poet-philosopher Aratus (Acts 17:28), from "Thais" of the poet Menander (1 Corinthians 15:33) and perhaps the philosopher Epimenides (Titus 1:12), and no claim that these writers were pagans "inspired" by God and their production deserves to be introduced in the New Testament canon!
what about playlists of apocryphal texts do not "Deuterocanonical", quoted by New Testament writers, as is the case of the Book of Enoch and the Assumption of Moses, quoted in the Epistle of Jude?
According to Catholic theologians, the so-called canon of Alexandria would be documented by the Greek translation of the Old Testament called the Septuagint (LXX or Septuagint), but the manuscripts that contain version of this document is considerable uncertainty about what was to be accepted as canon. The code called
Vatican (categorized by the letter B), lacks 1 and 2 Maccabees, and includes 1 Esdras (which even Catholics consider canonical), the code that Sinaiticus (cataloged with the Hebrew letter "aleph") includes Judith , Tobit, 1 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees (not considered canonical by Catholics). The code says Alexandria (cataloged with the letter A) includes 1 Esdras, 3 and 4 Maccabees (which Catholics consider non-canonical).
There are texts of the Septuagint prior to the fourth century AD, that the evidence in our possession of this version are back to their compilation of 600 years! It may well be that the texts of the Old Testament Apocrypha were added to this version in the Christian era.
appears very likely that there never was a canon of Alexandria, Alexandrian Jews themselves and not rely on it, just think that the philosopher Philo of Alexandria jew who lived between the first century BC and first century AD, never uses the its the apocryphal writings. The only legitimate
fee is the one containing the 39 books of the Old Testament, namely the Palestinian Authority.
BRIEF ANALYSIS OF MAJOR Apocryphal Books
Both books apocryphal additions were officially considered by the Roman Catholic Church "writing inspired by God" only in 1546, with Council of Trent. This council reaffirmed, in essence, what the Council of Carthage had held 4 centuries after Christ, or that the Apocrypha was considered part of Scripture, yet the fee had been determined from the first century, and did not include the Apocrypha (for further information, see the fee). Were declared canonical primarily to substantiate the false doctrine of purgatory.
Before that date, including several popes had declared them non-canonical (Gregory the Great and Leo X), not to mention that the early Christians (and the "fathers" Gregory Nazianzen, Athanasius, Hilary of Poitiers, Cyril of Jerusalem) will not recognize them never as the word of God we Christians
Evangelicals do not recognize the apocryphal books as the Word of God for the following reasons:
1) In them there are many contradictions (real, not apparent), false teachings and historical errors.
In the books of the Maccabees, the death of Judas Maccabeus is described in a Mac 9:18. He would die on the battlefield in the first month of the year 152. But 36 years after he died he wrote a letter to the Hebrews in Egypt (2 Mac 1:10). This is a first proof of the falsity of this book.
addition, the death of King Antiochus Epiphanes is told in three contrasting ways. The first time you get sick and die of sadness (1 Mac 6:8-16). The second time, died in Persia in the temple of Nurses in pieces priests (2 Mac 1:11-16). The third died returning from the regions of Persia, to Ecbatana, suffering from a incurable plague (2 Mac 9:5-29). It is clear that these are blatant lies, and yet this book is endorsed by the Roman Catholic Church to justify the belief in purgatory.
In the book of Judith it traces the history of this woman shortly after the return of the Jews from Babylonian captivity, and a step is said: "The children of Israel, who dwelt in Judea, who came to know what Holofernes, commander in chief of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Assyria, had done to those people, and how he had robbed their shrines and had them destroyed, they feared greatly to have it before and felt anxious about Jerusalem and the temple of the Lord their God, why had recently returned from slavery and it was recently re-unification of all the people of Judea, the purification of sacred vessels and the Temple, which had been desecrated " (Ed. 1971, Judith 4:1-3).
In these few words lies because there are different when the Jews returned from captivity in Judea did not exist Nebucodonosor the king, king of Babylon, because dead for several years, and kingdom of the Medes and Persians at that time reigning King Cyrus of Persia, which he was free to postpone the exiled Jews in Judea would return to build the temple of God
In the book of Esther (canon) is wrote about when Esther came after the fast to the king: "The king was seated on the royal throne in the royal house, facing the door of the house. And as the king had seen the Queen Esther standing in the courtyard, she earned His grace, and the King reached out to Esther the golden scepter in his hand, and Esther went up and touched the tip of the rod. Then the king said, What have you Queen Esther? that request? Even you asked half of the kingdom, you will be given "(Est 5:1-3).
Instead, in the apocryphal additions made in this book are written at about the same episode in these words: "Enter through the doors, stood before the king, who was seated on his throne, covered of all the trappings of his majesty, shining gold and precious stones: his appearance was imposing. Or, as soon as he had raised his head glistening with splendor, and launched a fierce look of anger, the Queen changed color, she fainted and leaned on the shoulder of the young lady who accompanied him "(Ed. Pauline. 1971, Esther 15:9 - 10).
As you can see, adding that a description of the book contrasts the authentic inspired, because the first is said Esther won the favor of the king and the second is said that the king gave him a look of anger at Esther and moreover, that she fainted.
In the book of Tobit, which is full of fairy tales, we find a lie that the writer is to say an angel of God named Rafael. First, we find that Tobias went in search of a practical man of the street, to accompany him in the media, and just gone out, and saw in front of Rafael, the angel, but he did not know that was an angel of God, then when Tobit, his father , asked him: "Brother, can you tell me what family and what tribe you are?", he answered: "I am Azariah, the son of the great Ananias, one of your brothers" (ibid., cf. Tobia 5: 4-13).
angels and saints of God are not lying when they start talking because they are the servants of God, who hates lying. If the angel named Rafael should have answered that his name was Rafael, how is it then lied and said Ananias to be?
Also in this book we find also the superstition taught nothing less than an angel of God! It is written in it that one night Tobias went down to the Tigris River to wash his feet, and suddenly a big fish jumped out of the water to devour the foot of the boy who cried. The angel then told him to grab the fish and trargli outside the gall, heart and liver which may be useful as drugs, and throw away the intestines. After that Tobias had roasted some of the fish and had eaten, we set off along the way and the young man asked the angel who was there can be drug into the heart and liver and gall of the fish. The angel then said to him: "How heart and liver of the fish, if they do get the smoke before a man or a woman, suffering from an attack by a demon or an evil spirit, it will cease all attacks against them and they will not trace any "(Tobit 6:8; Ed FSP 1990, 6th ed.).
But how can you accept a book that inspired the angels bring also to teach superstition?
The writer of the second book of Maccabees ends these words: "If the arrangement of the material was good, and as befits the story, is what I want. If he is mediocre and of little value, is what I have done "(ibid., 2 Maccabees 15:38). A writer inspired by God would not ever written of similar words because God can not apologize to anyone for not being able to do his best, and why in the writings inspired by everything and everything is good value because what it says is the Word of God
Also in this book there is a lie that is this: the writer says that the prophet Jeremiah went to the mountain where Moses went up to see the promised land and at this mountain in a cave hid the tabernacle and the ark and the altar of incense, and then he told some that the site would remain unknown until God would gather his people again because at that time God would reveal where these were sacred objects (cf. 2 Maccabees 2:1-8).
But things can not be true because in Jeremiah it is written that the ark of the covenant of not more than you would think when God would have them brought back to Zion it is written: "And I will bring you to Zion, and there give you shepherds after my own heart, who will feed you with knowledge and intelligence. And when you have multiplied and fruity in the country, then, says the Lord, no more say, 'The ark of the covenant of the LORD' There you will think more, do not mention it more, do not you regret most, if not it will another "(Jer. 3:14-16). As you can see this contradiction is to understand how this book can not be inspired by God
These are some of the many falsehoods and errors that exist in these books, and that makes us understand that the writers who wrote those things were not moved by the Holy Spirit.
In the books there are apocryphal stories that serve as the basis for some false doctrines in the Roman Catholic Church, such as purgatory and prayers for the dead.
For example, the Maccabees are the steps you speak of prayers for the dead and offered a sin offering for the dead (cf. 2 Maccabees 12:38-46), and prayers made by a priest who died and by the prophet Jeremiah ( dead, too) for the living on earth (cf. 2 Maccabees 15:11-16). Other similar falsehoods are
in Baruch 3:4, which states that God hears the prayers of the dead. By Tobias (verses 12:9 and 14:11), where it is taught salvation by works, contrary to the teachings of the Word of God (see Ephesians 2:8-9). In Wisdom is then taught the existence of the soul of the people before the creation of the body (to 8:19) and the creation of the world from pre-existing matter (11:17).
2) Neither Jesus Christ nor the apostles made no reference to these books apocryphal.
mentioning Jesus and his disciples for about 300 times the Old Testament from the Greek version, but never even mentioning a passage from the apocryphal books.
This shows that they were not considered by them the Word of God While there are a couple of allusions to works by poets of the time and an apocryphal book, it certainly does not serve to confirm them as the Word of God (see, for example, this brief study of the tradition). Nor can we accept as inspired only because they are also contained some truth. Satan knows how to cleverly mix falsehood with truth to make it acceptable to turn in the fake and the real lie.
3) The first Jews and later the Christians of the first centuries after Christ never recognized them as canonical.
Jews, who (let us not forget this) "were entrusted the oracles of God" (Romans 3:2) do not ever recognized as canonical those books and additions to Esther and Daniel, in fact, that is why in the Hebrew Bible (which contains only the books of the Covenant) they are absent. The early church denied the canonicity of these books, and in fact do not ever put them at the same level as sacred.
The fact that the translation of the Septuagint (LXX) was rejected by Jews because which contains the Apocrypha, and the fact that the Catholic magisterium considers them Deuterocanonical (added to the fee but lower) is very significant. This is not acceptable because the author of the book is inspired by God, and therefore a book or is inspired or not at all.
Josephus, Jewish-Roman historian of the first century AD, considered closed the canon of the Old Testament in the days of Artaxerxes, which at the time of Ezra. Here are his words:
"We only have 22 books illustrating the history of the period, books considered to be of divine origin.
Five of these belong to Moses and contain its laws and traditions of the origins of mankind until the time of death of Moses. After that, until the reign of Artaxerxes the prophets who succeeded Moses wrote the history of the Adventists that took place in their time in 13 books.
The remaining four books comprise hymns to God and precepts for the conduct in human life.
From the time of Artaxerxes to our own day, every event has been reported, but these recent documents were not deemed worthy of equal credit to those who preceded them, as it lacks the exact succession of prophets.
The practical test of the spirit with which we treat our Scriptures is that although it is now passed so much time, not a soul ventured to add or remove or alter a syllable, and is in the nature of each Jew, from the day of his birth, to consider these Scriptures as the teaching of God and to observe and, if it becomes necessary, to give with joy his life for them "(Commentary abbreviated Hallet, P.. 335).
John King James Version (1607) wrote about it:
"These books were by the Greeks appointed, Apocrypha, that is, occult and concealed part, because many of those who had hidden was the author: partly because they had no authority in the Church publica as dall'inspiratione immediately proceeding the Holy Spirit ... In these apocryphal style is clearly not be what the Holy Spirit, who spoke to them prophets and apostles, and there are many things contain false, contrary to the authentic truth of the literal word of God and the writers still do not s 'has no evidence that have been inspired by God, so that those in the other: Jewish and therefore the Church has never received them, as the word of God, or prophecy of Scripture ... "And since
the Roman Curia leans so much to so-called "ancient fathers" we note that there are many testimonies of some of the so-called "fathers" lived in the first centuries after Christ, who say that those books should not be considered canonical.
One of them, Jerome, held in great esteem by Catholics, said: "The Church sees in the Book of Tobit, Judith, Maccabees, of Baruch, Susanna, of Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, the anthem of the three young people and the tales of Belo and the Dragon, but it will not see them all on the list of authentic scriptures "(Jerome, Prologue to Graziano).
The Council of Trent, therefore, for recognizing the canonical apocryphal has also countered that Jerome is the author translation of the Latin Vulgate that the Council of Trent said having to be accepted as the only true among all versions.
4) Finally, what matters most is that the Holy Spirit, whom Jesus called the Spirit of truth, not stood for anything in us children of God that the Apocrypha are the Word of God because it makes us feel very clear that they should not be accepted.
The Lord's sheep know His voice and it can not be confused with another (see Isaiah 30:21, Thu. 10:27), and the voice with which to talk about these books is not that of the Shepherd of our souls .
The Lord himself makes his servants are able to discern whether He comes from a book or not, or whether it really contains his message. In this regard, we read the words of Jesus in John 10:3-4: "To him the doorkeeper opens, and the sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he put out all the his sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him because they know his voice. " Those who belong to God, recognize and understand if he is speaking, both "sound" of voice, and from the content of words.
CONCLUSION We conclude by quoting the following Scriptures which show that it is forbidden to remove anything that is added to the Word of God:
"Every word of God is perfected with fire ... Do not add to his words, he took thee not to return, and you will not be found a liar "(Prov. 30:5,6)
" not add to what I command you, and do not subtract from nothing .. "(Deuteronomy 4:2)
" I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: If anyone adds to these things, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, and if any takes words away from the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part of the tree of life and the holy city, things written in this book "(Revelation 22:18,19).
http:// camcris.altervista.org / apocrifi.html
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