Agrippa von Nettesheim and Paracelsus
Humanism, of which there is no question that the pregnancy took place largely in Italy, also rampant in Europe . Esoteric instances of which he was carrying were approached by the German scholar Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486-1535), who two years before his death he published the De occulta philosophia ("The Occult Philosophy"). The book is full of
References agile and Hermetic writings to the Kabala.
The magical knowledge, considered the highest of the doctrines, is intended to be able to include the physics and medicine (basic knowledge of the world, in a hierarchical view of the universe which is the lower level), mathematics and the ' astrology (knowledge of the celestial or astral world, above the elementary or land), then the theology (or intellectual knowledge of the angelic world, the highest of the universe, through which you can access to intelligence or virtue than God). Each of the two worlds
receives influences from the upper floor. The supreme power of God, by means of angelic virtue, passes the intellectual world, from this to the stars, and then from heaven to earth.
The purpose of magic is to make the opposite direction. It also lets you escape the determinism of astrology, because the magician, as gained the power to control and dominate natural forces can achieve the same effect also on the influences of the stars.
Agrippa also distinguished a good and lawful use of magic, which is indispensable for a solid grounding in religion (the right end is indeed to reach the angelic world), from a perverse use, for the acquisition of personal power, as it happens in witchcraft. Restless spirit, Agrippa walked the length and breadth of Europe. He lived in Spain where it was easy to retrieve the Eastern esoteric texts, in Italy (Pavia graduated in law and medicine) and in France. It seems that in Paris, where a doctorate in theology, Agrippa gave birth to a circle which proposed the reform of the spiritual world, as well as mutual assistance between their followers.
emerges as an important aspect of Renaissance culture: the presence of a strong desire in the religious renewal that had spread beyond the barriers of individual research or esoteric elites, would later take shape in the Protestant movements. The Renaissance Hermeticism
also gave a shot vitalistic alchemy, which was on the other hand the subject of treatises of the Corpus Hermeticum. Perhaps the biggest
exponent of the new chemistry was Paracelsus, born Teophrast Bombast von Hohenheim (1493-1541), a bizarre medical Bavarian aristocratic origins who, after Agrippa as he traveled throughout Europe, lived the last months of his life under the protection of Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg. Yet while pursuing esoteric knowledge Paracelsus gave as Leonardo, a very important experience. In medical practice it considered valuable knowledge gained from traditional medicine and maintained that "those who want to know a lot of diseases has to travel a lot."
Among other things, claimed to have devised an elixir made of gold and drinking have created a homunculus, which is the artificial man [perhaps an allegory the so called "Philosopher's Stone", and the possession of which the alchemists to the completion of the Great Work). Among the various esoteric theories supported by Paracelsus, one in particular will be resumed in the Rosicrucian manifestos: The End of 'age and the return of rationality to the realm of the spirit, the night of the senses. In his treatise The Prognostication writes: "There will be a renewal and transformation that will make us like children who know nothing about the experience and dell'astuzia of the old [... ]. Who will be quiet as a child will live happy, in fact, human knowledge only generates anxiety and suffering. "
Indeed it is through the pain of knowing that you will reach oblivion, the emptiness of the enlightened, and who will come after will be clean and simple as a child. Moreover, in many esoteric texts are given in the words of Christ: "Truly I tell you that anyone who does not receive the kingdom of God like a little child, ye shall not enter therein" (from the Gospel of St. Mark's).
But how to get into the kingdom of God, we must face death, so to live here on Earth, the realm of the Spirit is necessary to finish before the current imperfect: Paracelsus, following the path of mystics who have gone before him (including you Joachim of Fiore should remember that life was very similar to Cristian Rosencreutz told in the Chemical Wedding, announces tests apocalyptic, penances and mortifications to prepare for the advent of the new era. Everything will be taken up by the "manifest" of the Rosicrucians: create a movement of just who, in the midst of momentous changes, will prepare for a needed social reform and spiritual. According
FA Yates (The Enlightenment of the Rose-Cross), 'the later phase of the hermetic tradition, in which the alchemy of Paracelsus and medicine are mixed with other elements, can be roughly defined "stage Rosicrucian". " It states: "For my part, I use the word" Rosicrucian 'for a certain way of thinking that is historically recognized, without raising the question whether the type of thinkers belonged to a Rosicrucian secret society. "
Agrippa and the alchemist
Agrippa, because of its doctrines "cabalistic" not exactly in line with the official position of the Church, had a troubled life, always under the inquisitive eyes of the papacy. Then, when his patron benefaricce and Margaret of Austria died, alone and in poverty is rirtrovò (much to go to jail). This was probably his sad situation that inspired the bitter portrait of the alchemist who appears in his latest book, De incertitudine et scientiarum vanity, criticism here in all the sciences of his time ritenedole absurd and full of vanity: "When the expected reward of his work, namely gold, the youth and immortality, after all the time spent and the effort was old, tattered, full of misery and reduced only under conditions which should sell their soul for a song, he ends up falling into disgrace and be accused of falsifying the money. "
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